从太阳、太空和土壤中获取能量
Harvesting Energy from Sun, Outer Space, and Soil
摘要：
虽然太阳能发电系统已经提供了各种各样的发电方法，包括光伏发电、太阳能热发电系统和太阳能热电发电机，但是在白天和夜间都发电而不需要能量存储的能力仍然具有挑战性。在这里，我们提出并验证了一种策略，收集太阳能的太阳能加热在白天和利用太空的寒冷，通过辐射冷却，以产生电力在夜间使用商业热电模块。它可以一天24小时发电。我们的实验表明，在夜间的峰值功率密度为37 mW/m2，在白天的峰值为723 mW/m2。一个理论模型，准确地预测设备的性能开发和验证。24小时发电的特点显示了离网和无电池照明和传感的巨大能源应用潜力。
英文摘要：
While solar power systems have offered a wide variety of electricity generation approaches including photovoltaics, solar thermal power systems, and solar thermoelectric generators, the ability of generating electricity at both the daytime and nighttime with no necessity of energy storage still remains challenging. Here, we propose and verify a strategy of harvesting solar energy by solar heating during the daytime and harnessing the coldness of the outer space through radiative cooling to produce electricity at night using a commercial thermoelectric module. It enables electricity generation for 24 hours a day. We experimentally demonstrate a peak power density of 37 mW/m2 at night and a peak value of 723 mW/m2 during the daytime. A theoretical model that accurately predicts the performance of the device is developed and validated. The feature of 24-hour electricity generation shows great potential energy applications of off-grid and battery-free lighting and sensing.
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