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arXiv 2008.01359cond-mat.mtrl-sciphysics.chem-phphysics.comp-ph
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非对称窄禁带材料中的超高热电功率因数

Ultra-High Thermoelectric Power Factors in Narrow Gap Materials with Asymmetric Bands

Patrizio Graziosi, Neophytos Neophytou

摘要:

我们从理论上揭示了在双极输运机制下,在具有非对称导带/价带的轻掺杂窄禁带半导体中实现极高热电功率因数的非常规可能性。具体而言,使用玻尔兹曼输运模拟,我们表明,窄带隙材料,而不是遭受性能退化,由于双极导电,如果他们拥有高度不对称的导电和价带的有效质量,态密度,或声子散射率方面,那么他们可以提供非常高的功率因数。我们表明,这是因为,在这些条件下,电子传输成为声子散射限制,而不是电离杂质散射限制,这使得大的电导率。我们解释了为什么这种效果还没有观察到迄今为止,在已知的窄隙半导体,解释最近的一些相关的实验结果,并提出了一些例子,从半Heusler材料的家庭,这种效果可以观察到,功率因数甚至高达50 mW/m $K^2$可以达到。

英文摘要:

We theoretically unveil the unconventional possibility to achieve extremely high thermoelectric power factors in lightly doped narrow gap semiconductors with asymmetric conduction/valence bands operated in the bipolar transport regime. Specifically, using Boltzmann transport simulations, we show that narrow bandgap materials, rather than suffering from performance degradation due to bipolar conduction, if they possess highly asymmetric conduction and valence bands in terms of either effective masses, density of states, or phonon scattering rates, then they can deliver very high power factors. We show that this is reached because, under these conditions, electronic transport becomes phonon scattering limited, rather than ionized impurity scattering limited, which allows large conductivities. We explain why this effect has not been observed so far in the known narrow-gap semiconductors, interpret some recent related experimental findings, and propose a few examples from the half-Heusler materials family for which this effect can be observed and power factors even up to 50 mW/m$K^2$ can be reached.

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