We theoretically unveil the unconventional possibility to achieve extremely high thermoelectric power factors in lightly doped narrow gap semiconductors with asymmetric conduction/valence bands operated in the bipolar transport regime. Specifically, using Boltzmann transport simulations, we show that narrow bandgap materials, rather than suffering from performance degradation due to bipolar conduction, if they possess highly asymmetric conduction and valence bands in terms of either effective masses, density of states, or phonon scattering rates, then they can deliver very high power factors. We show that this is reached because, under these conditions, electronic transport becomes phonon scattering limited, rather than ionized impurity scattering limited, which allows large conductivities. We explain why this effect has not been observed so far in the known narrow-gap semiconductors, interpret some recent related experimental findings, and propose a few examples from the half-Heusler materials family for which this effect can be observed and power factors even up to 50 mW/m$K^2$ can be reached.
Electron-hole dichotomy and enhancement of thermoelectric power factor by electron-hole-asymmetric relaxation time: a model study on a two-valley system with strong intervalley scattering
Thermoelectric degrees of freedom determining thermoelectric efficiency
由于热电效应,热能可以直接转换成电能。由于这种转换实现了清洁能源技术,例如废热回收和能量收集,因此已经做出了大量努力来寻找热电材料。在材料品质因数$zT$代表热电器件的能量转换效率的信念下,半个世纪以来已经探索了各种高峰值-$zT$材料。然而,热电性能随温度$zT$变化很大,因此单个值$zT$不能准确地表示器件效率。在这里,我们表明,热电转换的效率是完全由\emph{three}参数$Z_{\mathrm{gen}}$,$τ$和$β$,我们称之为\emph{thermoelectric degrees of freedom}。$Z_{\mathrm{gen}}$是材料性能的平均值,是传统品质因数的概括。反映材料性质梯度的$τ$和$β$分别与由汤姆逊效应和不对称焦耳热引起的逸出热成比例。我们的发现为实现高热电效率提出了新的方向;增加一个热电自由度可以提高效率。例如,与单一材料腿的最佳效率相比,通过调整分段腿中的热电自由度,热电效率可以提高高达176%。
Enhanced Thermoelectric ZT in the Tails of the Fermi Distribution via Electron Filtering by Nanoinclusions -- Model Electron Transport in Nanocomposites
Low-Dimensional Transport and Large Thermoelectric Power Factors in Bulk Semiconductors by Band Engineering of Highly Directional Electronic States
热电技术有望解决能源问题,但其开发仍然受到低效率的阻碍。到目前为止,通过降低热导率已经取得了很大的改善,但通过最大化功率因数的改善较少。后者对能带结构提出了明显矛盾的要求:窄的能量分布和低的有效质量。纳米结构中的量子限制或共振态的引入被认为是解决这一悖论的可能方案,但成功有限。在这里,我们提出了一个原始的方法来满足这两个要求,在散装半导体。它利用一些轨道的高度方向性来设计能带结构,并产生一种类似于纳米结构中目标的低维传输,同时保持各向同性特性。使用第一性原理计算,理论概念证明在Fe $_2$ YZ Heusler化合物,产生的功率因数4-5倍,在室温下比经典热电。我们的发现是完全通用的,并合理化的替代化合物具有类似的行为搜索。除了热电,这些可能也与电子、超导或光伏应用有关。
Study on Thickness and Temperature Dependence of Thermoelectric Properties in SnS Nanofilms
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology(大连理工大学能源与动力学院);Dalian University of Technology(大连理工大学);School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University(南京师范大学物理科学与技术学院);Nanjing Normal University(南京师范大学)
Optoelectronic and Thermoelectric Properties of High-Performance AlSb Semiconductors
S.U. Umarov Physical-Technical Institute of NAST(S.U. 乌马罗夫物理技术研究所 (NAST));School of Optoelectronic Engineering & CQUPT-BUL Innovation Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(重庆邮电大学光电工程学院及CQUPT-BUL创新学院);Tajik National University(塔吉克斯坦国立大学)
Flat-band energy filtering in interacting systems: conditions for improving thermoelectric performances
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd(芬兰技术研究中心有限公司);University of Jyväskylä(于韦斯屈莱大学);Università della Calabria(卡塔尼亚大学);INFN, Sezione LNF, gruppo collegato di Cosenza(意大利国家核物理研究所,LNF分部,科森扎协作组)
Anharmonicity Driven by Vacancy Ordering Unlocks High-performance Thermoelectric Conversion in Defective Chalcopyrites II-III$_2$-VI$_4$
Ningbo University(宁波大学);University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)(巴斯克大学);Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM-MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU(材料物理中心(CFM-MPC),西班牙国家研究委员会-巴斯克大学);Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory(劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室);Dartmouth College(达特茅斯学院);Technical University of Darmstadt(达姆施塔特工业大学);Technische Universität Wien(维也纳工业大学);Linköping University(林雪平大学);Suzhou Laboratory(苏州实验室);Gusu Laboratory of Materials(姑苏材料实验室)
First-Principles Study of Novel Lead-Free Double Perovskite \b{eta}2SnGeX6 (\b{eta} = K, Rb; X = Cl, Br, I) for thermomechanical, optoelectronic and outstanding thermoelectric applications
Robust narrow-gap semiconducting behavior in square-net La$_{3}$Cd$_{2}$As$_{6}$
摘要:窄能隙半导体由于其在长波长探测器、热电器件和最近的非平凡拓扑结构方面的潜力而成为抢手的材料。本文报道了一种新型窄禁带半导体材料$R$ $_{3}$ Cd $_{2}$ As $_{6}$($R=$ La,Ce)的合成和表征。室温下的单晶X-射线衍射结果表明,As正方形网络畸变,Cd空位有序排列在单斜超结构中。La $_{3}$ Cd $_{2}$ As $_{6}$和Ce $_{3}$ Cd $_{2}$ As $_{6}$在279 K和136 K分别出现电荷密度有序态,并伴随着电阻率的显著增加。的La成员的电阻率增加了十三个数量级的冷却,这指向一个非常干净的半导体基态。我们的研究结果表明,在$I4/mmm$母体结构中的轻方网材料是有前途的清洁窄禁带半导体。
First-principles calculations to investigate structural, elastic, electronic, thermodynamic, and thermoelectric properties of CaPd$_3$B$_4$O$_{12}$ (B = Ti, V) perovskite
本研究采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法研究了CaPd $_3$ Ti $_4$ O $_{1}$ 2(CPTO)和CaPd $_3$ V $_4$ O $_{12}$(CPVO)四元钙钛矿的许多物理性质。这两种化合物的机械耐久性也通过Born稳定性标准观察到。CPTO的能带结构显示出0.88和0.46 eV的直接窄带隙,同时分别使用GGA-mBJ和GGA-PBE电位,这是其迷人的半导体性质的指示。计算的偏态密度表明,CPTO的Pd-4d和O-2 p轨道电子之间存在较强的杂化,而CPVO的Pd-4d和V-3d-O-2 p轨道电子之间存在较强的杂化。化学键性质和电子电荷分布图的研究表明,两种化合物均存在共价O-V/Pd键、离子O-Ti/Ca键和金属Ti/V-Ti/V键。CPVO的费米面保证了一种空穴以及电子同时面对,显示出多样的能带特性。预测的静态实介电函数(光学性质)的CPTO在零能量意味着其有前途的介电性质。的光电导和吸收系数的CPBO显示良好的定性符合的能带结构计算的结果。计算的热力学性质表明CPBO的热力学稳定性,而CPVO的声子色散表现出稳定的声子色散,而CPTO的声子色散稍不稳定。预测的德拜温度($θ_D$)已被用来关联其局部特征,包括热电行为。所研究的CPTO的热电输运性质在800 K下产生了Seebeck系数(186 V/K)、功率因数(11.9 Wcm $^{-1}$ …
Thermoelectric properties of Topological Weyl Semimetal Cu$_2$ZnGeTe$_4$
University of Warwick(华威大学);Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR)(贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁高级科学研究中心);National Sun Yat-sen University(国立中山大学);S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences(S.N. 玻色基础科学国家中心);Indian Institute of Technology Bombay(印度理工学院孟买分校)
Breaking the Wiedemann-Franz limit in thermoelectrics via separated flat bands
TU Wien(维也纳工业大学);Los Alamos National Laboratory(洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室);Universität Würzburg(维尔茨堡大学);Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/IRAMIS, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris(巴黎综合理工学院辐照固体实验室,法国原子能及替代能源委员会/研究与发展部/基础科学研究所,法国国家科学研究中心,巴黎理工学院)