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arXiv 1012.1081cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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单壁碳纳米管热电性质的非平衡格林函数研究

A nonequilibrium Green's function study of thermoelectric properties in single-walled carbon nanotubes

Jin-Wu Jiang, Jian-Sheng Wang, Baowen Li

摘要:

采用非平衡格林函数方法研究了单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)中的声子和电子输运。在含有$mod(n,3)\not=0$的锯齿形单壁碳纳米管($n$,0)中,热导主要由声子输运引起,而电子的贡献很小.在这种类型的SWCNT中,品质因数($ZT$)的最大值为约0.2。由于塞贝克系数增强,较窄的SWCNT中的$ZT$要大得多。$ZT$在扶手椅型SWCNT中较小,其中塞贝克系数由于零带隙而较小。研究发现,原子团簇同位素掺杂能明显降低声子热导,提高$ZT$值。单轴拉伸和压缩应变在整个频率范围内抑制声子,导致声子热导在整个温度范围内减小。有趣的是,拉伸应变对声子输运的影响比压缩应变更严重,因为在拉伸应变$ε>0.05$下,高频$G$模式被完全滤除。应变对电子能带结构的子带边缘也有重要影响,使电子透射函数中的阶跃平滑。由于电子电导的降低克服了热导的降低,因此应变使$ZT$降低。

英文摘要:

The phonon and electron transport in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are investigated using the nonequilibrium Green's function approach. In zigzag SWCNT ($n$, 0) with $mod(n,3)\not=0$, the thermal conductance is mainly attributed to the phonon transport, while the electron only has few percentage contribution. The maximum value of the figure of merit ($ZT$) is about 0.2 in this type of SWCNT. The $ZT$ is considerably larger in narrower SWCNT because of enhanced Seebeck coefficient. $ZT$ is smaller in the armchair SWCNT, where Seebeck coefficient is small due to zero band gap. It is found that the cluster isotopic doping can reduce the phonon thermal conductance obviously and enhance the value of $ZT$. The uniaxial elongation and compress strain depresses phonons in whole frequency region, leading to the reduction of the phonon thermal conductance in whole temperature range. Interestingly, the elongation strain can affect the phonon transport more seriously than the compress strain, because the high frequency $G$ mode is completely filtered out under elongation strain $ε>0.05$. The strain also has important effect on the subband edges of the electron band structure by smoothing the steps in the electron transmission function. The $ZT$ is decreased by strain as the reduction in the electronic conductance overcomes the reduction in the thermal conductance.

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