arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.12500cs.ROcs.AI
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从演示到程序合成的半监督学习:一个检测机器人案例研究

Semi-supervised Learning From Demonstration Through Program Synthesis: An Inspection Robot Case Study

The University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学)

Simón C. Smith, Subramanian Ramamoorthy

摘要:

半监督学习通过利用来自无监督学习的方法来提取标签中未明确提供的信息,从而提高了监督机器学习的性能。通过设计一个系统,使机器人从人类操作员学习检查策略,我们提出了一个混合半监督系统,能够学习可解释和可验证的模型演示。该系统通过使用顺序重要性采样从沉浸式演示中学习来诱导控制器程序。这些视觉伺服控制器的参数化比例增益,并通过观察机器人在环境中的位置在视觉上可验证。聚类和有效的粒子大小过滤允许系统在状态空间中发现目标。这些目标用于标记行为模型的端到端学习的原始演示。行为模型用于自主模型预测控制,并仔细检查解释。我们实施因果敏感性分析,以确定显着的对象,并产生反事实的条件解释。这些功能使决策解释和事后发现失败的原因。所提出的系统扩展了以前的方法,程序合成,将排斥在归因之前的采样过程。我们成功地学习的混合动力系统从一个无人驾驶地面车辆检查的情况下,在一个特定的顺序,环境的不同区域。该系统归纳出演示的可解释的计算机程序,其可以被合成以产生新颖的检查行为。重要的是,机器人成功地在看不见的环境配置上运行合成程序,同时解释其自主行为。

英文摘要:

Semi-supervised learning improves the performance of supervised machine learning by leveraging methods from unsupervised learning to extract information not explicitly available in the labels. Through the design of a system that enables a robot to learn inspection strategies from a human operator, we present a hybrid semi-supervised system capable of learning interpretable and verifiable models from demonstrations. The system induces a controller program by learning from immersive demonstrations using sequential importance sampling. These visual servo controllers are parametrised by proportional gains and are visually verifiable through observation of the position of the robot in the environment. Clustering and effective particle size filtering allows the system to discover goals in the state space. These goals are used to label the original demonstration for end-to-end learning of behavioural models. The behavioural models are used for autonomous model predictive control and scrutinised for explanations. We implement causal sensitivity analysis to identify salient objects and generate counterfactual conditional explanations. These features enable decision making interpretation and post hoc discovery of the causes of a failure. The proposed system expands on previous approaches to program synthesis by incorporating repellers in the attribution prior of the sampling process. We successfully learn the hybrid system from an inspection scenario where an unmanned ground vehicle has to inspect, in a specific order, different areas of the environment. The system induces an interpretable computer program of the demonstration that can be synthesised to produce novel inspection behaviours. Importantly, the robot successfully runs the synthesised program on an unseen configuration of the environment while presenting explanations of its autonomous behaviour.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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