The era of the automobile has seriously degraded the quality of urban life through costly travel and visible environmental effects. A new urban planning paradigm must be at the heart of our roadmap for the years to come. The one where, within minutes, inhabitants can access their basic living needs by bike or by foot. In this work, we present novel insights of the interplay between the distributions of facilities and population that maximize accessibility over the existing road networks. Results in six cities reveal that travel costs could be reduced in half through redistributing facilities. In the optimal scenario, the average travel distance can be modeled as a functional form of the number of facilities and the population density. As an application of this finding, it is possible to estimate the number of facilities needed for reaching a desired average travel distance given the population distribution in a city.
A universal framework for inclusive 15-minute cities
Sony Computer Science Laboratories(索尼计算机科学实验室);Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi (CREF)(恩里科·费米研究中心);Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará(塞阿拉联邦教育、科学与技术学院);Sapienza Univ. of Rome(罗马大学);Complexity Science Hub(复杂性科学中心)
Shaping ideal cities: the graph representation of the urban utopia
理想的文艺复兴城市被设计成一个星形的堡垒,街道和广场被组织起来以加快人们和士兵的移动。对称性和可达性是城市空间组织的主要特征。由此产生的城市是分层的,并不总是保证最佳程度的连接。我们继承空间语法在空间图表示属性定义中所做的工作,介绍了一种从欧几里得表示、相应的线图以及具有相同城市功能的节点的收缩来计算城市图的方法。我们分析了五个历史城市的城市图形:Vitry le François,Avola,Neuf Escherach,Grammichele和Palmicheva,并将分析结果与空间句法的相应结果进行了比较。光谱间隙和相对不对称分布的分析表明,这些城市的结构相似。不规则或网状的住房结构似乎比规则的网格更能确保连通性和可达性。然而,最外围的街道确保了连通性,这些街道在空间句法表达中扮演着边缘角色。
Sony Computer Science Laboratories(索尼计算机实验室);Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi (CREF)(恩里科·费米研究中心);Sapienza Univ. of Rome, Physics Dept(罗马大学物理系);University of Fortaleza(福塔莱萨大学);Núcleo de Ciência de Dados e Inteligência Artificial (NCDIA), Univ. of Fortaleza(福塔莱萨大学数据科学与人工智能中心)
Using machine learning to understand causal relationships between urban form and travel CO2 emissions across continents
Mercator Research Institute of Global Commons and Climate Change(墨卡托全球公域与气候变化研究所);Technical University Berlin(柏林工业大学);The University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学);Institute for Applied Economic Research(应用经济研究所);German Aerospace Center(德国航空航天中心);UC Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校)
Revisiting the coupling between accessibility and population growth
Capital Fund Management;Chair of Econophysics and Complex Systems, École polytechnique(复杂系统经济物理学讲席,巴黎综合理工学院);Institut de Physique Théorique, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS(理论物理研究所,巴黎萨克雷大学,法国原子能和替代能源委员会,法国国家科学研究中心);Centre d’Analyse et de Mathématique Sociales, (CNRS/EHESS)(社会分析与数学中心,(法国国家科学研究中心/高等社会科学学院))
Global evidence for a consistent spatial footprint of intra-urban centers
Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University(北京大学地球与空间科学学院遥感与地理信息系统研究所);Ordos Research Institute of Energy, Peking University(北京大学鄂尔多斯能源研究院)