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arXiv 2203.13784physics.soc-phcs.CYcs.SI
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弱势社区获得城市基础设施的机会较低

Disadvantaged Communities Have Lower Access to Urban Infrastructure

Leonardo Nicoletti, Mikhail Sirenko, Trivik Verma

摘要:

空间可达性的差异与城市社区之间日益严重的不平等密切相关。由于提高某些社区的无障碍水平可以为他们提供向上的社会流动性,并解决城市中的社会排斥和不平等问题,因此必须了解城市社区空间无障碍的性质和分布。为了支持决策者在城市政策干预中实现包容性和公平性,我们提出了一个开源和数据驱动的框架,以了解不同人口统计数据之间基础设施无障碍的空间性质。我们发现,在任何城市(54个城市)的基础设施的广泛的可访问性收敛到齐普夫定律,这表明不平等也出现在这些城市的增长过程成正比。然后,评估这些城市的社会经济集群的城市配置文件之间的空间不平等,我们发现城市社区明显隔离沿社会和空间线。我们发现,少数民族比例较大、收入较低、拥有大学学位的人数相对较少的人群的可及性得分较低。这些研究结果表明,我们提出的可重复的框架可能有助于理解导致空间不平等的过程,并支持城市制定有针对性的措施,以解决某些贫困社区的不平等问题。

英文摘要:

Disparity in spatial accessibility is strongly associated with growing inequalities among urban communities. Since improving levels of accessibility for certain communities can provide them with upward social mobility and address social exclusion and inequalities in cities, it is important to understand the nature and distribution of spatial accessibility among urban communities. To support decision-makers in achieving inclusion and fairness in policy interventions in cities, we present an open-source and data-driven framework to understand the spatial nature of accessibility to infrastructure among the different demographics. We find that accessibility to a wide range of infrastructure in any city (54 cities) converges to a Zipf's law, suggesting that inequalities also appear proportional to growth processes in these cities. Then, assessing spatial inequalities among the socioeconomically clustered urban profiles for 10 of those cities, we find urban communities are distinctly segregated along social and spatial lines. We find low accessibility scores for populations who have a larger share of minorities, earn less, and have a relatively lower number of individuals with a university degree. These findings suggest that the reproducible framework we propose may be instrumental in understanding processes leading to spatial inequalities and in supporting cities to devise targeted measures for addressing inequalities for certain underprivileged communities.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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