城市基础设施网络的拓扑收敛
Topological Convergence of Urban Infrastructure Networks
摘要：
城市基础设施网络在提供现代城市公民所需的多种关键服务的可靠流动方面发挥着重要作用。我们分析了全球52个城市的125个基础设施网络、道路（RN）、城市排水网络（UDN）和供水网络（WDN）的数据库，这些网络为1,000至900万人口提供服务。对于所有基础设施网络，使用无向双映射图导出的节点度分布p（k）符合帕累托分布。随着网络规模的增加，平均伽马值周围的方差大幅减少。这些城市基础设施网络的功能拓扑收敛表明，它们的共同进化的结果相似的生成机制。在非并发的40年期间在三个城市不断增长的UDN的分析表明，可能的生成过程是地理空间限制下的部分优惠附件。这一发现是支持高方差节点度分布相比，预期的泊松随机图。有向级联故障，从UDN到RN，进行了研究。空间共址网络之间的节点度的相关性被证明是一个主要因素，影响网络碎片的节点删除。我们的研究结果对网络设计和维护以及城市社区的弹性具有重大影响，这些社区依赖于城市内的流动性，供水以及废水收集和处理的多元化基础设施网络。
英文摘要：
Urban infrastructure networks play a major role in providing reliable flows of multitude critical services demanded by citizens in modern cities. We analyzed here a database of 125 infrastructure networks, roads (RN); urban drainage networks (UDN); water distribution networks (WDN), in 52 global cities, serving populations ranging from 1,000 to 9,000,000. For all infrastructure networks, the node-degree distributions, p(k), derived using undirected, dual-mapped graphs, fit Pareto distributions. Variance around mean gamma reduces substantially as network size increases. Convergence of functional topology of these urban infrastructure networks suggests that their co-evolution results from similar generative mechanisms. Analysis of growing UDNs over non-concurrent 40 year periods in three cities suggests the likely generative process to be partial preferential attachment under geospatial constraints. This finding is supported by high-variance node-degree distributions as compared to that expected for a Poisson random graph. Directed cascading failures, from UDNs to RNs, are investigated. Correlation of node-degrees between spatially co-located networks are shown to be a major factor influencing network fragmentation by node removal. Our results hold major implications for the network design and maintenance, and for resilience of urban communities relying on multiplex infrastructure networks for mobility within the city, water supply, and wastewater collection and treatment.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
