arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.07738cs.DScs.CCmath.CO
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有向网格定理在FPT算法中的应用

Adapting the Directed Grid Theorem into an FPT Algorithm

Victor Campos, Raul Lopes, Ana Karolinna Maia, Ignasi Sau

摘要:

Robertson和Seymour的网格定理[JCTB,1986]是结构图论领域中最重要的工具之一,在无向图的算法设计中有许多应用。有向图中网格定理的一个类似版本由Johnson等人[JCTB,2001]提出,并由Kawarabayashi和Kreutzer [STOC,2015]证明。也就是说,他们证明了存在一个函数$f(k)$,使得每个有向树宽度至少为$f(k)$的有向图都包含一个大小为$k$的圆柱形网格作为蝶形子式,并指出他们的证明可以转化为XP算法,参数为$k$,该算法要么构造一个适当宽度的分解,要么找到所要求的大圆柱形网格作为蝶形子式。在本文中,我们采取的Kawarabayashi和Kreutzer的证明的一些步骤,以改善这个XP算法到FPT算法。为此,我们的主要技术贡献是两个FPT算法的参数$k$。第一个算法要么产生树的分解宽度$3k-2$或发现一个避风港的顺序$k$在有向图$D$,改进了原来的结果树的分解由Johnson等人。第二个算法发现一个良好的链接集的顺序$k$在一个有向图$D$的大有向树宽度。作为工具来证明这些结果,我们展示了如何解决一个广义的版本的问题,找到一组给定的顶点$T$在FPT时间与参数$|T|$,结果,我们认为是自己的兴趣。

英文摘要:

The Grid Theorem of Robertson and Seymour [JCTB, 1986], is one of the most important tools in the field of structural graph theory, finding numerous applications in the design of algorithms for undirected graphs. An analogous version of the Grid Theorem in digraphs was conjectured by Johnson et al. [JCTB, 2001], and proved by Kawarabayashi and Kreutzer [STOC, 2015]. Namely, they showed that there is a function $f(k)$ such that every digraph of directed tree-width at least $f(k)$ contains a cylindrical grid of size $k$ as a butterfly minor and stated that their proof can be turned into an XP algorithm, with parameter $k$, that either constructs a decomposition of the appropriate width, or finds the claimed large cylindrical grid as a butterfly minor. In this paper, we adapt some of the steps of the proof of Kawarabayashi and Kreutzer to improve this XP algorithm into an FPT algorithm. Towards this, our main technical contributions are two FPT algorithms with parameter $k$. The first one either produces an arboreal decomposition of width $3k-2$ or finds a haven of order $k$ in a digraph $D$, improving on the original result for arboreal decompositions by Johnson et al. The second algorithm finds a well-linked set of order $k$ in a digraph $D$ of large directed tree-width. As tools to prove these results, we show how to solve a generalized version of the problem of finding balanced separators for a given set of vertices $T$ in FPT time with parameter $|T|$, a result that we consider to be of its own interest.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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