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arXiv 2007.03799nucl-thastro-ph.HEnucl-ex
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GW190814:2.6太阳质量的中子星对核子状态方程的影响

GW190814: Impact of a 2.6 solar mass neutron star on nucleonic equations of state

F. J. Fattoyev, C. J. Horowitz, J. Piekarewicz, Brendan Reed

摘要:

GW 190814的次级成分是双致密天体系统中发现的最轻的黑洞还是最重的中子星[R. Abbott等人,ApJ Lett.,896,L44(2020)]?这是这封信的核心问题。协变密度泛函理论提供了一个独特的框架来研究有限核和中子星的性质,同时在所有密度下都能强制执行因果关系。通过调整现有的能量密度泛函,我们能够:(a)占2.6 Msun中子星,(b)满足原来的约束的潮汐变形的1.4 Msun中子星,(c)再现有限核的基态性质。然而,对于在这项工作中探索的模型类,我们发现,硬化的状态方程所需的支持超大质量中子星是不一致的,无论是从高能重离子碰撞或从中等质量的恒星的低变形能力得到的约束。因此,我们推测,最大中子星质量不可能显着高于现有的观测极限和2.6 Msun紧凑的对象很可能是最轻的黑洞被发现。

英文摘要:

Is the secondary component of GW190814 the lightest black hole or the heaviest neutron star ever discovered in a double compact-object system [R. Abbott et al., ApJ Lett., 896, L44 (2020)]? This is the central question animating this letter. Covariant density functional theory provides a unique framework to investigate both the properties of finite nuclei and neutron stars, while enforcing causality at all densities. By tuning existing energy density functionals we were able to: (a) account for a 2.6 Msun neutron star, (b) satisfy the original constraint on the tidal deformability of a 1.4 Msun neutron star, and (c) reproduce ground-state properties of finite nuclei. Yet, for the class of models explored in this work, we find that the stiffening of the equation of state required to support super-massive neutron stars is inconsistent with either constraints obtained from energetic heavy-ion collisions or from the low deformability of medium-mass stars. Thus, we speculate that the maximum neutron star mass can not be significantly higher than the existing observational limit and that the 2.6 Msun compact object is likely to be the lightest black hole ever discovered.

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