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arXiv 2006.10404astro-ph.SR
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在太阳活动周23和24期间快速日冕物质抛射的成簇和对CME-CME相互作用的影响

Clustering of fast Coronal Mass Ejections during the solar cycles 23 and 24 and implications for CME-CME interactions

Jenny M. Rodríguez Gómez, Tatiana Podladchikova, Astrid Veronig, Alexander Ruzmaikin, Joan Feynman, Anatoly Petrukovich

备注：
Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
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摘要：

我们研究了发生在太阳活动周23和24期间的快速日冕物质抛射（CME）的成团性质。我们采用两种方法：最大谱方法可以检测主要的簇，并且去簇阈值时间方法提供关于典型的簇属性和时间尺度的细节。我们的分析表明，在不同阶段的太阳活动周23日和24日，CME的速度$\geq 1000\ km/s$优先发生的孤立事件，并在集群平均两个成员。然而，具有更多成员的星团尤其出现在太阳活动周期的最高阶段。在整个周期和太阳活动周23和24的最大阶段，大约50%是孤立事件，18%（12%）发生在2（3）个成员的星系团中，另外20%发生在较大的星系团$\geq 4$中，而在太阳活动极小期，快速日冕物质抛射往往更频繁地发生在孤立事件中（62%）。在不同的太阳活动周阶段，快速日冕物质抛射的典型去成团时间尺度是$τ_c=28-32\ hrs$，而与太阳活动极小期和极大期日冕物质抛射的出现频率差异很大无关。这些发现表明，极端事件的$τ_c$可能反映了大耀斑和CME-多产活动AR的特征能量积累时间。统计关联的快速CME与扰动风暴指数Dst在地球上的集群属性表明，快速CME发生在集群往往会产生更大的磁暴比孤立的快速CME。这可能与CME-CME相互作用产生了更复杂和更强的与地球磁层的相互作用有关。

英文摘要：

We study the clustering properties of fast Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) that occurred during solar cycles 23 and 24. We apply two methods: the Max spectrum method can detect the predominant clusters and the de-clustering threshold time method provides details on the typical clustering properties and time scales. Our analysis shows that during the different phases of solar cycles 23 and 24, CMEs with speed $\geq 1000\ km/s$ preferentially occur as isolated events and in clusters with on average two members. However, clusters with more members appear particularly during the maximum phases of the solar cycles. Over the total period and in the maximum phases of solar cycles 23 and 24, about 50% are isolated events, 18% (12%) occur in clusters with 2 (3) members, and another 20% in larger clusters $\geq 4$, whereas in solar minimum fast CMEs tend to occur more frequently as isolated events (62%). During different solar cycle phases, the typical de-clustering time scales of fast CMEs are $τ_c=28-32\ hrs$, irrespective of the very different occurrence frequencies of CMEs during solar minimum and maximum. These findings suggest that $τ_c$ for extreme events may reflect the characteristic energy build-up time for large flare and CME-prolific active ARs. Associating statistically the clustering properties of fast CMEs with the Disturbance storm index Dst at Earth suggests that fast CMEs occuring in clusters tend to produce larger geomagnetic storms than isolated fast CMEs. This may be related to CME-CME interaction producing a more complex and stronger interaction with the Earth magnetosphere.

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