arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2006.06271cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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地球核心条件下铁-硅合金的低热导率及其对地球发电机的影响

Low thermal conductivity of iron-silicon alloys at Earth core conditions with implications for the geodynamo

Wen-Pin Hsieh, Alexander F. Goncharov, Stéphane Labrosse, Nicholas Holtgrewe, Sergey S. Lobanov, Irina Chuvashova, Frédéric Deschamps, Jung-Fu Lin

摘要:

地核由铁(Fe)与轻元素合金组成,例如,硅(Si)。它的导热性对地球的热结构、演化和动力学有着至关重要的影响,因为它控制着维持地球历史上地球发电机所需的热量和成分来源的大小。在这里,我们直接测量固体Fe和Fe-Si合金的热导率高达144 GPa和3300 K。在132 GPa和3000 K下,15at%的Si合金化在Fe中显著地降低了其电导率约2倍。含有15at% Si的外芯的电导率约为20 W m-1 K-1,在类似的压力-温度条件下低于纯Fe。这表明,一个较低的最小热流,约3太瓦,通过核幔边界比以前预期的,因此更少的热能需要操作的地球发电机。我们的研究结果提供了内核年龄可能超过20亿年的关键限制。

英文摘要:

Earth core is composed of iron (Fe) alloyed with light elements, e.g., silicon (Si). Its thermal conductivity critically affects Earth thermal structure, evolution, and dynamics, as it controls the magnitude of thermal and compositional sources required to sustain a geodynamo over Earth history. Here we directly measured thermal conductivities of solid Fe and Fe-Si alloys up to 144 GPa and 3300 K. 15 at% Si alloyed in Fe substantially reduces its conductivity by about 2 folds at 132 GPa and 3000 K. An outer core with 15 at% Si would have a conductivity of about 20 W m-1 K-1, lower than pure Fe at similar pressure-temperature conditions. This suggests a lower minimum heat flow, around 3 TW, across the core-mantle boundary than previously expected, and thus less thermal energy needed to operate the geodynamo. Our results provide key constraints on inner core age that could be older than two billion-years.

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