We prove that convex viscosity solutions to the quadratic Hessian inequality $σ_2(D^2u) \geq 1$ are strictly $2$-convex. As a consequence we obtain short proofs of smoothness and interior $C^2$ estimates for convex viscosity solutions to $σ_2(D^2u) = 1$, which were proven using different methods in recent works of Guan-Qiu \cite{GQ}, McGonagle-Song-Yuan \cite{MSY} and Shankar-Yuan \cite{SY2}.
By using Minkowski addition of convex functions, we prove convexity and rearrangement properties of solutions to some Hessian equations in $\R^3$ and Brunn-Minkowski and isoperimetric inequalities for related functionals.
A Brunn--Minkowski inequality and Convexity for the 2-Hessian eigenvalue in convex domains
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院）；Università degli Studi di Firenze（佛罗伦萨大学）
In this paper, we study global regularity for oblique boundary value problems of augmented Hessian equations for a class of general operators. By assuming a natural convexity condition of the domain together with appropriate convexity conditions on the matrix function in the augmented Hessian, we develop a global theory for classical elliptic solutions by establishing global a priori derivative estimates up to second order. Besides the known applications for Monge-Amp`ere type operators in optimal transportation and geometric optics, the general theory here embraces prescribed mean curvature p…
A result of existence of a nonnegative and a nontrivial solution is proved via critical point theorems for non smooth functionals. The equation considered presents a convex part and a nonlinearity which changes sign.
In this paper, we establish the existence and uniqueness theorem for entire solutions of Hessian equations with prescribed asymptotic behavior at infinity. This extends the previous results on Monge-Ampère equations. Our approach also makes the prescribed asymptotic order optimal within the range preset in exterior Dirichlet problems. In addition, we show a Liouville type result for $k$-convex solutions. This partly removes the $(k+1)$- or $n$-convexity restriction imposed in existing work.
We present a proof of strict $g$-convexity in 2D for solutions of generated Jacobian equations with a $g$-Monge-Ampère measure bounded away from 0. Subsequently this implies $C^1$ differentiability in the case of a $g$-Monge-Ampère measure bounded from above. Our proof follows one given by Trudinger and Wang in the Monge-Ampère case. Thus, like theirs, our argument is local and yields a quantitative estimate on the $g$-convexity. As a result our differentiability result is new even in the optimal transport case: we weaken previously required domain convexity conditions. Moreover in the optimal…
This article has two purposes. The first is to prove solutions of the second boundary value problem for generated Jacobian equations are strictly $g$-convex. The second is to prove the global $C^3$ regularity of Aleksandrov solutions to the same problem under stronger hypothesis. These are related because the strict $g$-convexity is essential for the proof of the global regularity. The assumptions for the strict $g$-convexity are the natural extension of those used by Chen and Wang in the optimal transport case. They improve the existing domain conditions though at the expense of requiring a $…
Interior $C^{2}$ estimate for semi-convex solutions to a class of Hessian quotient equations in arbitrary dimensions
Key Laboratory of Pure and Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University（北京大学数学科学学院纯数学与应用数学重点实验室）；School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学数学科学学院）
This note concerns the relationship between conditions on cost functions and domains and the convexity properties of potentials in optimal transportation and the continuity of the associated optimal mappings. In particular, we prove that if the cost function satisfies the condition (A3), introduced in our previous work with Xinan Ma, the densities and their reciprocals are bounded and the target domain is convex with respect to the cost function, then the potential is continuously differentiable and its dual potential strictly concave with respect to the cost function. Our result extends, by d…
Interior Hessian estimates for Hessian quotient equations in dimension three
School of Mathematics and Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics, Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学数学学院与高等研究院）；Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics, Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学高等研究院）
Using the established $d$-concavity of the $k$-Hessian type functions $F_k(R)=\log(S_k(R)),$ whose variables are nonsymmetric matrices, we prove $ C^{2, α}(\overlineΩ) $ estimates for strictly $(δ, \widetildeγ_k) $-admissible solutions to the Dirichlet problem without the well-known regularity condition. A necessary condition for the existence of strictly $δ$-admissible solutions to the equations is given. By the method of continuity, we provide some sufficient conditions for the unique solvability in the class of strictly $(δ,\widetildeγ_k)$-admissible solutions to the Dirichlet problem, prov…
In bounded domains, without any geometric conditions, we study the existence and uniqueness of globally Lipschitz and interior strong C^{1,1}, (and classical C^2), solutions of general semilinear oblique boundary value problems for degenerate, (and non-degenerate), augmented Hessian equations, with strictly regular associated matrix functions. By establishing local second derivative estimates at the boundary and proving viscosity comparison principles, we show that the solution is correspondingly smooth near boundary points where the appropriate uniform convexity is satisfied.
In this paper we deduce a formula for the fractional Laplace operator $(-Δ)^{s}$ on radially symmetric functions useful for some applications. We give a criterion of subharmonicity associated with $(-Δ)^{s}$, and apply it to a problem related to the Hessian inequality of Sobolev type: $$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|(-Δ)^{\frac{k}{k+1}} u|^{k+1} dx \le C \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} - u \, F_k[u] \, dx, $$ where $F_k$ is the $k$-Hessian operator on $\mathbb{R}^n$, $1\le k < \frac{n}{2}$, under some restrictions on a $k$-convex function $u$. In particular, we show that the class of $u$ for which the above inequal…
The $C^{1,1}$ estimate of the Dirichlet problem for degenerate $k$-Hessian equations with non-homogenous boundary conditions is an open problem, if the right hand side function $f$ is only assumed to satisfy $f^{1/(k-1)} \in C^{1,1}$. In this paper, we solve this problem for convex solutions defined in the strictly convex bounded domain.
Applying ideas of fractional analogue of Monge-Ampére operator by L. Caffarelli and F. Charro, we consider an analogue of fractional k-Hessian operators expressed as concave envelopes of fractional linear operators, and reproduce the same regularity results when k=2. Under the set up of global solutions prescribing data at infinity and global barriers, the key estimate is to prove that fractional 2-Hessian operator is strictly elliptic. Then we can apply nonlocal Evans-Krylov theorem to prove such solutions are classical.
Existence of Admissible Subsolutions to the Dirichlet Problem for Symmetric Augmented $k$-Hessian Type Equations in Bounded Domains
Hanoi Pedagogical University 2（河内师范大學二校）；University of Economics - Technology for Industries（經濟與工業技術大學）；Hanoi University of Science and Technology（河內科技大學）；Quang Binh University（廣平大學）
In this paper, we continue our investigations into the global theory of oblique boundary value problems for augmented Hessian equations. We construct a global barrier function in terms of an admissible function in a uniform way when the matrix function in the augmented Hessian is only assumed regular. This enables us to derive global second derivative estimates in terms of boundary estimates which are then obtained by strengthening the concavity or monotonicity conditions in our previous work on the strictly regular case. Finally we give some applications to existence theorems which embrace st…
In this paper, the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial radial convex solutions to general coupled system of $k_i$-Hessian equations in a unit ball are studied via a fixed-point theorem. In particular, we obtain the uniqueness of nontrivial radial convex solution and nonexistence of nontrivial radial $\boldsymbol{k}$-admissible solution to a power-type system coupled by $k_i$-Hessian equations in a unit ball. Moreover, using a generalized Krein-Rutman theorem, the existence of $\boldsymbol{k}$-admissible solutions to an eigenvalue problem in a general strictly $(k-1)$-convex domain is also…
We establish sharp $W^{2,p}$ regularity estimates for viscosity solutions of fully nonlinear elliptic equations under minimal, asymptotic assumptions on the governing operator $F$. By means of geometric tangential methods, we show that if the {\it recession} of the operator $F$ -- formally given by $F^*(M):=\infty^{-1} F(\infty M)$ -- is convex, then any viscosity solution to the original equation $F(D^2u) = f(x)$ is locally of class $W^{2,p}$, provided $f\in L^p$, $p>d$, with appropriate universal estimates. Our result extends to operators with variable coefficients and in this setting they a…
A $C^2$ function on $\mathbb{R}^n$ is called strictly $(n-1)$-convex if the sum of any $n-1$ eigenvalues of its Hessian is positive. In this paper, we establish a global $C^2$ estimates to the Monge-Ampère equation for strictly $(n-1)$-convex functions with Neumann condition. By the method of continuity, we prove an existence theorem for strictly $(n-1)$-convex solutions of the Neumann problems.
We prove that the nonlinear part $H^{*}$ of the KdV Hamiltonian $H^{kdv}$, when expressed in action variables $I = (I_{n})_{n\ge 1}$, extends to a real analytic function on the positive quadrant $\ell^2_+(\mathbb N)$ of $\ell^{2}(\mathbb N)$ and is strictly concave near $0$. As a consequence, the differential of $H^{*}$ defines a local diffeomorphism near $0$ of $\ell_{\mathbb C}^{2}(\mathbb N)$.
In \cite{CMS}, Chen-Ma-Salani established the strict convexity of spacetime level sets of solutions to heat equation in convex rings, using the constant rank theorem and a deformation method. In this paper, we generalize the constant rank theorem in \cite{CMS} to fully nonlinear parabolic equations, that is, establish the corresponding microscopic spacetime convexity principles of spacetime level sets. In fact, the results hold for fully nonlinear parabolic equations under a general structural condition, including the $p$-Laplacian parabolic equations ($p >1$) and some mean curvature type para…
We introduce a new PDE approach to establishing the large time asymptotic behavior of solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equations, which modifies and simplifies the previous ones (Barles and Souganidis, 2000; Barles, Ishii and Mitake, 2012), under a refined "strict convexity" assumption on the Hamiltonians. Not only such "strict convexity" conditions generalize the corresponding requirements on the Hamiltonians in Barles and Souganidis (2000), but also one of the most refined our conditions covers the situation studied in Namah and Roquejoffre (1999).
We discuss various representations of planar $p$-harmonic systems of equations and their solutions. For coordinate functions of $p$-harmonic maps we analyze signs of their Hessians, the Gauss curvature of $p$-harmonic surfaces, the length of level curves as well as we discuss curves of steepest descent. The isoperimetric inequality for the level curves of coordinate functions of planar $p$-harmonic maps is proven. Our main techniques involve relations between quasiregular maps and planar PDEs. We generalize some results due to P. Lindqvist, G. Alessandrini, G. Talenti and P. Laurence.
For the minimal graph defined on a convex ring in the space form with nonnegative curvature, we obtain the regularity and the strict convexity about its level sets by the continuity method.
We prove that any $n$-dimensional closed mean convex $λ$-hypersurface is convex if $λ\le 0.$ This generalizes Guang's work on $2$-dimensional strictly mean convex $λ$-hypersurfaces. As a corollary, we obtain a gap theorem for closed $λ$-hypersurfaces with $λ\le 0.$
