arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2006.00853astro-ph.EPphysics.ao-ph
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不同尺寸球形空间碎片落地球动力学

Dynamics of spherical space debris of different sizes falling to Earth

Judit Slíz-Balogh, Dániel Horváth, Róbert Szabó, Gábor Horváth

摘要:

大于1厘米的空间碎片可损坏空间仪器并撞击地球。低地球轨道(高度小于2,000公里)和地球静止轨道附近的轨道(高度为35,786公里)尤其受到威胁,因为大多数卫星都在这些纬度上运行。以目前的技术,无法追踪小于10厘米的空间碎片。较小的太空碎片在大气层中燃烧并蒸发,但较大的碎片会落到地球表面。出于实际原因,了解重返大气层和落向地球的空间碎片的质量、组成、形状、速度、运动方向和撞击时间是很重要的。由于测量这些物理参数非常困难,因此对它们几乎一无所知。为了部分填补这一空白,我们进行了计算机模拟,研究了球形再入粒子由于空气阻力而落向地球的天体力学,确定了撞击的时间、速度和角度与发射高度、方向、速度和球形再入粒子的大小的函数关系。我们的结果也可以用于半球形流星体颗粒的行星际尘埃进入地球大气层。

英文摘要:

Space debris larger than 1 cm can damage space instruments and impact Earth. The low-Earth orbits (at heights smaller than 2000 km) and orbits near the geostationary- Earth orbit (at 35786 km height) are especially endangered, because most satellites orbit at these latitudes. With current technology space debris smaller than 10 cm cannot be tracked. Smaller space debris burn up and evaporate in the atmosphere, but larger ones fall to the Earth's surface. For practical reasons it would be important to know the mass, composition, shape, velocity, direction of motion and impact time of space debris re-entering the atmosphere and falling to Earth. Since it is very difficult to measure these physical parameters, almost nothing is known about them. To partly fill this gap, we performed computer modelling with which we studied the celestial mechanics of spherical re-entry particles falling to Earth due to air drag.We determined the time, velocity and angle of impact as functions of the launch height, direction, speed and size of spherical re-entry particles. Our results can also be used for semi-spherical meteoroid particles of the interplanetary dust entering the Earth's atmosphere.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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