arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.12101stat.ME
收藏

环境数据的贝叶斯非渐近极值模型

Bayesian non-asymptotic extreme value models for environmental data

Enrico Zorzetto, Antonio Canale, Marco Marani

摘要:

出于极端降雨数据的分析,我们介绍了一个一般的贝叶斯分层模型,用于估计间歇性随机序列的极值的概率分布,在地球物理和环境科学设置中的一个常见问题。这里提出的方法放松了传统极值(EV)理论典型的渐近假设,并占潜在的变化,通过一个潜在的时间过程中描述的事件的大小和发生的分布。侧重于每日降雨量的极端,结构所提出的模型本身,以纳入先前的地质物理的降雨过程的理解。通过一个广泛的模拟研究,我们表明,这种方法可以显着降低估计的不确定性相对于传统的渐近EV方法的贝叶斯公式,特别是在相对较小的样本的情况下。该方法的好处进一步说明了一个大的数据集的479个长期的日降雨量的历史记录,从整个美国大陆的应用程序。通过比较样本内和样本外的预测精度的措施,我们发现,在这里开发的模型结构,结合使用所有可用的观察结果进行推断,显着提高了鲁棒性相对于过拟合的特定样本。

英文摘要:

Motivated by the analysis of extreme rainfall data, we introduce a general Bayesian hierarchical model for estimating the probability distribution of extreme values of intermittent random sequences, a common problem in geophysical and environmental science settings. The approach presented here relaxes the asymptotic assumption typical of the traditional extreme value (EV) theory, and accounts for the possible underlying variability in the distribution of event magnitudes and occurrences, which are described through a latent temporal process. Focusing on daily rainfall extremes, the structure of the proposed model lends itself to incorporating prior geo-physical understanding of the rainfall process. By means of an extensive simulation study, we show that this methodology can significantly reduce estimation uncertainty with respect to Bayesian formulations of traditional asymptotic EV methods, particularly in the case of relatively small samples. The benefits of the approach are further illustrated with an application to a large data set of 479 long daily rainfall historical records from across the continental United States. By comparing measures of in-sample and out-of-sample predictive accuracy, we find that the model structure developed here, combined with the use of all available observations for inference, significantly improves robustness with respect to overfitting to the specific sample.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑