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arXiv 2005.06350cs.CR
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循环贝叶斯攻击图的系统计算方法

Cyclic Bayesian Attack Graphs: A Systematic Computational Approach

Isaac Matthews, John Mace, Sadegh Soudjani, Aad van Moorsel

摘要:

攻击图通常用于分析大中型网络的安全性。基于对网络的扫描和漏洞的可能性信息,可以将攻击图转换为贝叶斯攻击图(BAGS)。这些BAG用于评估安全控制如何影响网络以及拓扑变化如何影响安全。这些自动生成的BAGs的一个挑战是周期自然出现,这使得不可能使用贝叶斯网络理论来计算状态概率。在本文中,我们提供了一个系统的方法来分析和计算循环贝叶斯攻击图。%从而提供了一种处理周期的通用方法并统一了贝叶斯攻击图的理论。我们的方法首先正式介绍了两种常用版本的贝叶斯攻击图,并比较其表现力。然后,我们提出了一个解释贝叶斯攻击图的基础上组合逻辑电路,这有利于直观有吸引力的系统治疗周期。我们证明了相关的逻辑电路的性质,并提出了一种算法,计算状态概率,而不改变攻击图(例如,移除弧以移除循环)。此外,我们的算法无缝地处理所有周期,而不需要识别它们的类型。一组使用合成创建的网络的实验证明了该算法在具有数百台机器的计算机网络上的可扩展性,每台机器都有多个漏洞。

英文摘要:

Attack graphs are commonly used to analyse the security of medium-sized to large networks. Based on a scan of the network and likelihood information of vulnerabilities, attack graphs can be transformed into Bayesian Attack Graphs (BAGs). These BAGs are used to evaluate how security controls affect a network and how changes in topology affect security. A challenge with these automatically generated BAGs is that cycles arise naturally, which make it impossible to use Bayesian network theory to calculate state probabilities. In this paper we provide a systematic approach to analyse and perform computations over cyclic Bayesian attack graphs. %thus providing a generic approach to handle cycles as well as unifying the theory of Bayesian attack graphs. Our approach first formally introduces two commonly used versions of Bayesian attack graphs and compares their expressiveness. We then present an interpretation of Bayesian attack graphs based on combinational logic circuits, which facilitates an intuitively attractive systematic treatment of cycles. We prove properties of the associated logic circuit and present an algorithm that computes state probabilities without altering the attack graphs (e.g., remove an arc to remove a cycle). Moreover, our algorithm deals seamlessly with all cycles without the need to identify their types. A set of experiments using synthetically created networks demonstrates the scalability of the algorithm on computer networks with hundreds of machines, each with multiple vulnerabilities.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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