国家标准与技术研究所电子束离子阱研究高电荷离子用的过渡边传感器基X射线谱仪
A Transition-edge Sensor-based X-ray Spectrometer for the Study of Highly Charged Ions at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Electron Beam Ion Trap
摘要：
我们报告的设计，调试和初步测量的过渡边缘传感器（TES）的X射线光谱仪的电子束离子阱（EBIT）在美国国家标准与技术研究所（NIST）。在过去的几十年里，NIST EBIT在不同的领域，如原子物理学，等离子体光谱学和实验室天体物理学，进行了大量的高电荷离子研究。新投入使用的NIST EBIT TES光谱仪（NETS）通过结合高X射线收集效率和分辨率，提高了EBIT的测量能力。NETS利用192个单独的TES X射线微量热计（166/192产率），与NIST EBIT以前使用的4像素中子嬗变掺杂锗微量热计光谱仪相比，收集面积提高了约30倍。NETS微量热计针对约500 eV至8，000 eV的X射线能量进行了优化，并在此范围内实现了3.7 eV至5.0 eV的能量分辨率，与之前的微量热计相比，改进更为适度（<2X）。在该能量范围之外，NETS可以以各种折衷来操作，其中最重要的是在较低能量下降低的效率以及在较高能量下限于像素的子集。作为NETS能力的初步演示，我们测量了类氦和类氢O，Ne和Ar以及类镍W的跃迁。我们详细介绍了能量校准和数据分析技术，用于转换探测器计数到X射线光谱，这一过程将是分析未来数据的基础。
英文摘要：
We report on the design, commissioning, and initial measurements of a Transition-edge Sensor (TES) x-ray spectrometer for the Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Over the past few decades, the NIST EBIT has produced numerous studies of highly charged ions in diverse fields such as atomic physics, plasma spectroscopy, and laboratory astrophysics. The newly commissioned NIST EBIT TES Spectrometer (NETS) improves the measurement capabilities of the EBIT through a combination of high x-ray collection efficiency and resolving power. NETS utilizes 192 individual TES x-ray microcalorimeters (166/192 yield) to improve upon the collection area by a factor of ~30 over the 4-pixel neutron transmutation doped germanium-based microcalorimeter spectrometer previously used at the NIST EBIT. The NETS microcalorimeters are optimized for the x-ray energies from roughly 500 eV to 8,000 eV and achieve an energy resolution of 3.7 eV to 5.0 eV over this range, a more modest (<2X) improvement over the previous microcalorimeters. Beyond this energy range NETS can operate with various trade-offs, the most significant of which are reduced efficiency at lower energies and being limited to a subset of the pixels at higher energies. As an initial demonstration of the capabilities of NETS, we measured transitions in He-like and H-like O, Ne, and Ar as well as Ni-like W. We detail the energy calibration and data analysis techniques used to transform detector counts into x-ray spectra, a process that will be the basis for analyzing future data.
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