2015年至2017年美国国家标准与技术研究所的普朗克常量测量
Measurement of the Planck constant at the National Institute of Standards and Technology from 2015 to 2017
摘要：
美国国家标准与技术研究所（NIST）的研究人员测量出普朗克常量的值为$h =6.626\,069\,934(89)\times 10^{-34}\,$ J $\,$ s（相对标准不确定度$13\times 10^{-9}$）。该结果基于超过10 $\,$ 000次称量质量，标称值范围为0.5 $\,$ kg至2 $\,$ kg，使用NIST-4粗粒天平。由于以下三个因素，相对于先前的测定，不确定性降低了两倍以上：（1）数据集比先前可用的数据集大得多，允许更真实、更小的A型评估;（2）通过称重质量高达2 $\,$ kg，对磁体上称重电流的反向作用进行更全面的测量，降低了与磁体非线性相关的不确定性;（3）几何因子对线圈速度的依赖性的严格研究，减少了分配给线圈中电流的时间依赖性泄漏的不确定性。
英文摘要：
Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) have measured the value of the Planck constant to be $h =6.626\,069\,934(89)\times 10^{-34}\,$J$\,$s (relative standard uncertainty $13\times 10^{-9}$). The result is based on over 10$\,$000 weighings of masses with nominal values ranging from 0.5$\,$kg to 2$\,$kg with the Kibble balance NIST-4. The uncertainty has been reduced by more than twofold relative to a previous determination because of three factors: (1) a much larger data set than previously available, allowing a more realistic, and smaller, Type A evaluation; (2) a more comprehensive measurement of the back action of the weighing current on the magnet by weighing masses up to 2$\,$kg, decreasing the uncertainty associated with magnet non-linearity; (3) a rigorous investigation of the dependence of the geometric factor on the coil velocity reducing the uncertainty assigned to time-dependent leakage of current in the coil.
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