精确测量普朗克常量的进展：瓦特天平与原子计数
Progress on accurate measurement of the Planck constant: watt balance and counting atoms
摘要：
普朗克常量$h$是量子物理学中最重要的常数之一。近年来，由于$h$数值的精确测量在建立新的国际单位制和修正的基本物理常数制中的重要作用，它已成为一个热点问题。迄今为止，在$10^8$中，已经采用了两种方法，瓦特天平和计数原子，来确定几个部分水平上的普朗克常量。本文综述了用瓦特天平和原子计数法精密测量普朗克常量的原理和进展。讨论了普朗克常量测定的进一步改进和今后可能发展的修正的物理常数系统。
英文摘要：
The Planck constant $h$ is one of the most significant constants in quantum physics. Recently, the precision measurement of the numeral value of $h$ has been a hot issue due to its important role in establishment for both a new SI and a revised fundamental physical constant system. Up to date, two approaches, the watt balance and counting atoms, have been employed to determine the Planck constant at a level of several parts in $10^8$. In this paper, the principle and progress on precision measurement of the Planck constant using watt balance and counting atoms at national metrology institutes are reviewed. Further improvements for the Planck constant determination and possible developments of a revised physical constant system in future are discussed.
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