arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.04610cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
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均匀冷却颗粒气体的速度分布

Velocity Distribution of a Homogeneously Cooling Granular Gas

Peidong Yu, Matthias Schröter, Matthias Sperl

摘要:

与分子气体相反,颗粒气体的特征在于非弹性碰撞,因此需要永久驱动以保持恒定的动能。颗粒气体的动力学理论描述了在驱动关闭后颗粒的平均速度如何减小。此外,它预测,重新标度的粒子速度分布将接近一个稳态与人口过剩的高速尾巴相比,麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布。虽然这个基本的理论结果被数值模拟重现,但仍然缺少实验证实。使用微重力实验,它允许通过磁场的空间均匀的激发的球体,我们证实了理论预测的指数衰减的尾部的速度分布。

英文摘要:

In contrast to molecular gases, granular gases are characterized by inelastic collisions and require therefore permanent driving to maintain a constant kinetic energy. The kinetic theory of granular gases describes how the average velocity of the particles decreases after the driving is shut off. Moreover it predicts that the rescaled particle velocity distribution will approach a stationary state with overpopulated high-velocity tails as compared to the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. While this fundamental theoretical result was reproduced by numerical simulations, an experimental confirmation is still missing. Using a microgravity experiment which allows the spatially homogeneous excitation of spheres via magnetic fields, we confirm the theoretically predicted exponential decay of the tails of the velocity distribution.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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