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arXiv 2005.01731hep-thgr-qchep-ph
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局部对称性。I.电磁学与电荷守恒

Symmetries from Locality. I. Electromagnetism and Charge Conservation

Mark P. Hertzberg, Jacob A. Litterer

摘要:

众所周知,(i)洛伦兹不变量和(ii)局部相互作用(iii)无质量自旋为1的粒子(光子)的两个自由度的理论,独特地导致了大距离电磁学。在这项工作中,我们删除了(i)洛伦兹助推不变性的假设,但我们仍然要求(ii)和(iii)。我们考虑几大类自旋为1的理论,它们一般都明确违反洛伦兹对称性。我们限制为熟悉的光子的两个自由度。我们发现,大多数理论导致非局部性和瞬时信号的距离。通过要求一个温和的形式的局部性(ii),即树级交换行动显然是本地的,我们发现,光子必须仍然来源于一个保守的电荷与相关的内部对称性。这恢复了电磁学的核心特征,尽管它本身并没有强加洛伦兹增强对称性。引力的例子极大地改进了最后的结论,并在我们的随附论文第2部分中详细报道。

英文摘要:

It is well known that a theory of the (i) Lorentz invariant and (ii) locally interacting (iii) two degrees of freedom of a massless spin 1 particle, the photon, leads uniquely to electromagnetism at large distances. In this work, we remove the assumption of (i) Lorentz boost invariance, but we still demand (ii) and (iii). We consider several broad classes of theories of spin 1, which in general explicitly violate Lorentz symmetry. We restrict to the familiar two degrees of freedom of the photon. We find that most theories lead to non-locality and instantaneous signaling at a distance. By demanding a mild form of locality (ii), namely that the tree-level exchange action is manifestly local, we find that the photon must still be sourced by a conserved charge with an associated internal symmetry. This recovers the central features of electromagnetism, although it does not by itself impose Lorentz boost symmetry. The case of gravitation dramatically improves the final conclusion and is reported in detail in our accompanying paper Part 2.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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