We consider nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equations in Fourier-Lebesgue and modulation spaces involving negative regularity. The equations are posed on the whole space, and involve a smooth power nonlinearity. We prove two types of norm inflation results. We first establish norm inflation results below the expected critical regularities. We then prove norm inflation with infinite loss of regularity under less general assumptions. To do so, we recast the theory of multiphase weakly nonlinear geometric optics for nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equations in a general abstract functional setting.
We study the continuity in weighted Fourier Lebesgue spaces for a class of pseudodifferential operators, whose symbol has finite Fourier Lebesgue regularity with respect to $x$ and satisfies a quasi-homogeneous decay of derivatives with respect to the $ξ$ variable. Applications to Fourier Lebesgue microlocal regularity of linear and nonlinear partial differential equations are given.
The Cauchy problem for the Yang-Mills system in three space dimensions with data in Fourier-Lebesgue spaces $\hat{H}^{s,r}$ , $1 < r \le 2$ , is shown to be locally well-posed, where we have to assume only almost optimal minimal regularity for the data with respect to scaling as $r \to 1$ . This is true despite of the fact that no null condition is known for one of the critical quadratic nonlinearities, which prevented by now the corresponding result in the classical case $r=2$ with data in standard Sobolev spaces.
In this paper, we consider the regularity criterion for 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in terms of one directional derivative of the velocity in anisotropic Lebesgue spaces. More precisely, it is proved that u becomes a regular solution if the $\partial_3u$ satisfies $$\int^{T}_{0} \frac{\left\|\left\|\left\|\partial_3 u(t) \right\|_{L^p_{x_1}} \right\|_{L^q_{x_2}} \right\|^β_{L^{r}_{x_3}}} {1 + \ln\left(\|\partial_3u \left(t\right)\|_{L^2} + e\right)}dt < \infty,$$ $\text { where } \frac{2}β+\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}+\frac{1}{r}=1 \text { and } 2 < p, q, r \leq \infty, 1-\left(\frac{…
We study resolvent estimate and maximal regularity of the Stokes operator in $L^q$-spaces with exponential weights in the axial directions of unbounded cylinders of ${\mathbb R}^n,n\geq 3$. For straights cylinders we obtain these results in Lebesgue spaces with exponential weights in the axial direction and Muckenhoupt weights in the cross-section. Next, for general cylinders with several exits to infinity we prove that the Stokes operator in $L^q$-spaces with exponential weight along the axial directions generates an exponentially decaying analytic semigroup and has maximal regularity. The pr…
We consider local well-posedness for the Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs system in Lorenz gauge for data with minimal regularity assumptions in Fourier-Lebesgue spaces $\widehat{H}^{s,r}$ , where $\|u\|_{\widehat{H}^{s,r}} := \| \langle ξ\rangle^s \widehat{u}(ξ)\|_{L^{r'}}$ , and $r$ and $r'$ are dual exponents. We show that the gap between this regularity and the regularity with respect to scaling shrinks in the case $r>1$ , $r \to 1$ compared to the classical case $r=2$ .
We study regularity criteria for the $d$-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We prove if $u\in L_{\infty}^tL_d^x((0,T)\times \mathbb{R}^d_+)$ is a Leray-Hopf weak solution vanishing on the boundary and the pressure $p$ satisfies a local condition $\|p\|_{L_{2-1/d}(Q(z_0,1)\cap (0,T)\times \mathbb{R}^d_+)}\leq K$ for some constant $K>0$ uniformly in $z_0$, then $u$ is regular up to the boundary in $(0,T)\times \mathbb{R}^d_+$. Furthermore, when $T=\infty$, $u$ tends to zero as $t\rightarrow \infty$. We also study the local problem in half unit cylinder $Q^+$ and prove that if $u…
In this paper, we will consider regularity criteria for the Navier--Stokes equation in mixed Lebesgue sum spaces. In particular, we will prove regularity criteria that only require control of the velocity, vorticity, or the positive part of the second eigenvalue of the strain matrix, in the sum space of two scale critical spaces. This represents a significant step forward, because each sum space regularity criterion covers a whole family of scale critical regularity criteria in a single estimate. In order to show this, we will also prove a new inclusion and inequality for sum spaces in familie…
Profile decompositions for "critical" Sobolev-type embeddings are established, allowing one to regain some compactness despite the non-compact nature of the embeddings. Such decompositions have wide applications to the regularity theory of nonlinear partial differential equations, and have typically been established for spaces with Hilbert structure. Following the method of S. Jaffard, we treat settings of spaces with only Banach structure by use of wavelet bases. This has particular applications to the regularity theory of the Navier-Stokes equations, where many natural settings are non-Hilbe…
We prove a low regularity local well-posedness result for the Maxwell-Klein-Gordon system in three space dimensions for data in Fourier - Lebesgue spaces $\widehat{H}^{s,r}$ , where $\|f\|_{\widehat{H}^{s,r}} = \|\langle ξ\rangle^s \widehat{f}(ξ)\|_{\widehat{L}^{r'}}$ , $\frac{1}{r}+\frac{1}{r'} = 1$ . The assumed regularity for the data is almost optimal with respect to scaling as $r \to 1$ . This closes the gap between what is known in the case $r=2$ , namely $s > \frac{3}{4}$ , and the critical value $s_c = \frac{1}{2}$ with respect to scaling.
In this paper, we establish some $\varepsilon$-regularity criteria in anisotropic Lebesgue spaces for suitable weak solutions to the 3D Navier-Stokes equations as follows: $$ \limsup\limits_{\varrho\rightarrow0} \varrho^{1-\frac{2}{p}-\sum\limits^{3}_{j=1}\frac{1}{q_{j}}} \|u\|_{L_{t}^{p}L^{\overrightarrow{q}}_{x}(Q(\varrho))} \leq\varepsilon, ~~\frac{2}{p}+\sum\limits^{3}_{j=1}\frac{1}{q_{j}} \leq2~~~~~\text{with}~q_{j} > 1;\\$$$$ \sup_{-1\leq t\leq0}\|u\|_{L^{\overrightarrow{q}}(B(1))} < \varepsilon,~~\frac{1}{q_{1}}+\frac{1}{q_{2}}+\frac{1}{q_{3}} <2\quad \text{with}\, 1<q_{j}<\infty;$$ $$\…
We study the strong ill-posedness (norm inflation with infinite loss of regularity) for the nonlinear wave equation at every initial data in Wiener amalgam and Fourier amalgam spaces with negative regularity. In particular these spaces contain Fourier-Lebesgue, Sobolev and some modulation spaces. The equations are posed on $\mathbb R^d$ and on torus $\mathbb T^d$ and involve a smooth power nonlinearity. Our results are sharp with respect to well-posedness results of Bényi and Okoudjou (2009) and Cordero and Nicola (2009) in the Wiener amalgam and modulation space cases. In particular, we also …
We give new a priori assumptions on weak solutions of the Navier-Stokes equation so as to be able to conclude that they are smooth. The regularity criteria are given in terms of mixed radial-angular weighted Lebesgue space norms.
We survey recent regularity results for parabolic equations involving nonlocal operators like the fractional Laplacian. We extend the results of Felsinger-Kassmann (2013) and obtain regularity estimates for nonlocal operators with kernels not being absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure.
In this paper we consider three-dimensional incompressible magnetohydrodynamics equations. By using interpolation inequalities in anisotropic Lebesgue space, we provide regularity criteria involving the velocity or alternatively involving the fractional derivative of velocity in one direction, which generalize some known results.
We study local regularity properties of a weak solution $u$ to the Cauchy problem of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We present a new regularity criterion for the weak solution $u$ satisfying the condition $L^\infty(0,T;L^{3,w}(\mathbb{R}^3))$ without any smallness assumption on that scale, where $L^{3,w}(\mathbb{R}^3)$ denotes the standard weak Lebesgue space. As an application, we conclude that there are at most a finite number of blowup points at any singular time $t$. The condition that the weak Lebesgue space norm of the veclocity field $u$ is bounded in time is encompassing t…
We consider Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (BBM) equation of the form $$ u_t+u_x+uu_x-u_{xxt}=0, \quad (x, t)\in \mathcal{M}\times \mathbb R $$ where $\mathcal{M}= \mathbb T$ or $\mathbb R.$ We establish norm inflation (NI) with infinite loss of regularity at general initial data in Fourier amalgam and Wiener amalgam spaces with negative regularity. This strengthen several known NI results at zero initial data in $H^s(\mathbb T)$ established by Bona-Dai (2017) and ill-posedness result established by Bona-Tzvetkov (2008) and Panthee (2011) in $H^s(\mathbb R).$ Our result is sharp with respect to local we…
We prove local well-posedness results for the semi-linear wave equation for data in $H^γ$, $0 < γ< \frac{n-3}{2(n-1)}$, extending the previously known results for this problem. The improvement comes from an introduction of a two-scale Lebesgue space $X^{r,p}_k$.
We present a simple proof of the $C^1$ regularity of $p$-anisotropic functions in the plane for $2\leq p<\infty$. We achieve a logarithmic modulus of continuity for the derivatives. The monotonicity (in the sense of Lebesgue) of the derivatives is used. The case with two exponents is also included.
Norm inflation and low-regularity ill-posedness for the rod equation
School of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Gannan Normal University（赣南师范大学数学与计算机科学学院）；School of Mathematics and Statistics, Anhui Normal University（安徽师范大学数学与统计学院）
We prove that every weak solution to a certain class of infinitely degenerate quasilinear equations is continuous. An essential feature of the operators we consider is that their Fefferman-Phong associated metric may be non doubling with respect to Lebesgue measure.
We provide characterizations for boundedness of multilinear Fourier operators on Hardy-Lebesgue spaces with symbols locally in Sobolev spaces. Let $H^q(\mathbb R^n)$ denote the Hardy space when $0<q\le 1$ and the Lebesgue space $L^q(\mathbb R^n)$ when $1<q\le \infty$. We find optimal conditions on $m$-linear Fourier multiplier operators to be bounded from $H^{p_1}\times \cdots \times H^{p_m}$ to $L^p$ when $1/p=1/p_1+\cdots +1/p_m$ in terms of local $L^2$-Sobolev space estimates for the symbol of the operator. Our conditions provide multilinear analogues of the linear results of Calderón and T…
We study regularity criteria for the $d$-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We prove in this paper that if $u\in L_\infty^tL_{d}^x((0,T)\times {\mathbb R}^d)$ is a Leray-Hopf weak solution, then $u$ is smooth and unique in $(0,T)\times \bR^d$. This generalizes a result by Escauriaza, Seregin and Šverák. Additionally, we show that if $T=\infty$ then $u$ goes to zero as $t$ goes to infinity.
We consider Stokes systems with measurable coefficients and Lions-type boundary conditions. We show that, in contrast to the Dirichlet boundary conditions, local boundary mixed-norm $L_{s,q}$-estimates hold for the spatial second-order derivatives of solutions, assuming the smallness of the mean oscillations of the coefficients with respect to the spatial variables in small cylinders. In the un-mixed norm case with $s=q=2$, the result is still new and provides local boundary Caccioppoli-type estimates. The main challenges in the work arise from the lack of regularity of the pressure and time d…
We study bounded trace maps on hypersurfaces for Sobolev spaces from a point of view that is fundamentally different from the one in the classical theory. This allows us to construct bounded trace maps under weak regularity assumptions on the hypersurfaces. In the case of bounded domains in $\mathbf R^n$ we only require the continuity of the boundary. For hypersurfaces in the whole space $\mathbf R^n$ we only assume that the hypersurfaces are Lebesgue measurable. As an application of our trace maps we consider the Dirichlet problem and we prove a coarea formula where the level sets are only as…
The local well-posedness problem is considered for the Dirac-Klein-Gordon system in two space dimensions for data in Fourier-Lebesgue spaces $\hat{H}^{s,r}$ , where $\|f\|_{\hat{H}^{s,r}} = \| \langle ξ\rangle^s \hat{f}\|_{L^{r'}}$ and $r$ and $r'$ denote dual exponents. We lower the regularity assumptions on the data with respect to scaling improving the results of d'Ancona, Foschi and Selberg in the classical case $r=2$ . Crucial is the fact that the nonlinearities fulfill a null condition as detected by these authors.
We provide Lipschitz regularity for solutions to viscous time-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi equations with right-hand side belonging to Lebesgue spaces. Our approach is based on a duality method, and relies on the analysis of the regularity of the gradient of solutions to a dual (Fokker-Planck) equation. Here, the regularizing effect is due to the non-degenerate diffusion and coercivity of the Hamiltonian in the gradient variable.
In this paper we develop new methods to obtain regularity criteria for the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations in terms of dynamically restricted endpoint critical norms: the critical Lebesgue norm in general or the critical weak Lebesgue norm in the axisymmetric case. This type of results is inspired in particular by a work of Neustupa (2014), which handles certain non endpoint critical norms. Our work enables to have a better understanding of the nonlocal effect of the pressure on the regularity of the solutions.
We study the well-posedness of the complex-valued modified Korteweg-de Vries equation (mKdV) on the circle at low regularity. In our previous work (2019), we introduced the second renormalized mKdV equation, based on the conservation of momentum, which we proposed as the correct model to study the complex-valued mKdV outside of $H^\frac12(\mathbb{T})$. Here, we employ the method introduced by Deng-Nahmod-Yue (2019) to prove local well-posedness of the second renormalized mKdV equation in the Fourier-Lebesgue spaces $\mathcal{F}L^{s,p}(\mathbb{T})$ for $s\geq \frac12$ and $1\leq p <\infty$. As …
In the analysis of PDEs, regularity of often measured in terms of Sobolev, H{ö}lder, Besov or Lipschitz spaces, etc. However, sometimes a gain of regularity can also be expressed just in terms of Lebesgue spaces, by passing from a singular setting to a less singular one. In this article we will obtain a gain of integrability for weak solutions of the micropolar fluid equations using as general framework Morrey spaces, which is a very useful language to study regularity in PDEs. An interesting point is that the two variables of the micropolar fluid equations can be studied separately.
In this note, we study the ill-posedness of nonlinear wave equations (NLW). Namely, we show that NLW experiences norm inflation at every initial data in negative Sobolev spaces. This result covers a gap left open in a paper of Christ, Colliander, and Tao (2003) and extends the result by Oh, Tzvetkov, and the second author (2019) to non-cubic integer nonlinearities. In particular, for some low dimensional cases, we obtain norm inflation above the scaling critical regularity. We also prove ill-posedness for NLW, via norm inflation at general initial data, in negative regularity Fourier-Lebesgue …
We study the existence of global weak solutions of a nonlinear transport-diffusion equation with a fractional derivative in the time variable and under some extra hypotheses, we also study some regularity properties for this type of solutions. In the system considered here, the diffusion operator is given by a fractional Laplacian and the nonlinear drift is assumed to be divergence free and it is assumed to satisfy some general stability and boundedness properties in Lebesgue spaces.
We investigate the regularity of semi-stable, radially symmetric, and decreasing solutions for a class of quasilinear reaction-diffusion equations in the inhomogeneous context of Riemannian manifolds. We prove uniform boundedness, Lebesgue and Sobolev estimates for this class of solutions for equations involving the p-Laplace Beltrami operator and locally Lipschitz non-linearity. We emphasize that our results do not depend on the boundary conditions and the specific form of the non-linearities and metric. Moreover, as an application, we establish regularity of the extremal solutions for equati…
Positive-regularity norm inflation for the 3D hypodissipative Navier--Stokes equations
Capital Normal University（首都师范大学）；Institute of Mathematics, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院数学研究所）
We study the local Hölder regularity of strong solutions $u$ of second-order uniformly elliptic equations having a gradient term with superquadratic growth $γ> 2$, and right-hand side in a Lebesgue space $L^q$. When $q > N\frac{γ-1}γ$ ($N$ is the dimension of the Euclidean space), we obtain the optimal Hölder continuity exponent $α_q > \frac{γ-2}{γ-1}$. This allows us to prove some new results of maximal regularity type, which consist in estimating the Hessian matrix of $u$ in $L^q$. Our methods are based on blow-up techniques and a Liouville theorem.
The Cauchy problem for the Yang-Mills system in two space dimensions is treated for data with minimal regularity assumptions. In the classical case of data in $L^2$-based Sobolev spaces we have to assume that the number of derivatives is more than $3/4$ above the critical regularity with respect to scaling. For data in $L^r$-based Fourier-Lebesgue spaces this result can be improved by $1/4$ derivative in the sense of scaling as $r \to 1$ .
This paper studies the regularity of Villani solutions of the space homogeneous Landau equation with Coulomb interaction in dimension 3. Specifically, we prove that any such solution belonging to the Lebesgue space L_{t}^{\infty}L_{v}^{q} with q>3 in an open cylinder (0,S)\times B, where B is an open ball of \mathbb{R}^{3}, must have Holder continuous second order derivatives in the velocity variables, and first order derivative in the time variable locally in any compact subset of that cylinder.
Bounded weak solutions of Burgers' equation $\partial_tu+\partial_x(u^2/2)=0$ that are not entropy solutions need in general not be $BV$. Nevertheless it is known that solutions with finite entropy productions have a $BV$-like structure: a rectifiable jump set of dimension one can be identified, outside which $u$ has vanishing mean oscillation at all points. But it is not known whether all points outside this jump set are Lebesgue points, as they would be for $BV$ solutions. In the present article we show that the set of non-Lebesgue points of $u$ has Hausdorff dimension at most one. In contra…
This paper studies the regularity problem for block uniformly elliptic operators in divergence form with complex bounded measurable coefficients. We consider the case where the boundary data belongs to Lebesgue spaces with weights in the Muckenhoupt classes. Our results generalize those of S. Mayboroda (and those of P. Auscher and S. Stahlhut employing the first order method) who considered the unweighted case. To obtain our main results we use the weighted Hardy space theory associated with elliptic operators recently developed by the last two named authors. One of the novel contributions of …
We investigate the size of the regular set for suitable weak solutions of the Navier--Stokes equation, in the sense of Caffarelli--Kohn--Nirenberg. We consider initial data in weighted Lebesgue spaces with mixed radial-angular integrability, and we prove that the regular set increases if the data have higher angular integrability, invading the whole half space $\{t>0\}$ in an appropriate limit. In particular, we obtain that if the $L^{2}$ norm with weight $|x|^{-\frac12}$ of the data tends to 0, the regular set invades $\{t>0\}$.
We prove sharp partial regularity criteria of nonlinear potential theoretic nature for the Lebesgue-Serrin-Marcellini extension of nonhomogeneous singular multiple integrals featuring $(p,q)$-growth conditions.
This is a simplification of our prior work on the existence theory for the Rosseland-type equations. Inspired by the Rosseland equation in the conduction-radiation coupled heat transfer, we use the locally arbitrary growth conditions instead of the common global restricted growth conditions. In the Lebesgue square integrable space, the solution to the linear elliptic equation depends continuously on the coefficients matrix. This is a simple version of the maximal regularity. There exists a fixed point for the linearized map (compact and continuous) in a closed convex set. We also consider the …
We prove that the solution map, associated to the quintic fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger equation, exhibits the norm inflation phenomenon at every point in the Sobolev spaces of super-critical regularity. Indeed, we prove this result separately in the cases of negative and of positive regularity. In the negative regularity case, we prove the result for both the defocusing and focusing equations: in the one dimensional case, the associated solution map exhibits norm inflation in Sobolev spaces of super-critical regularity (including the critical index); in the higher dimensional case, the s…
In this note, we consider the ill-posedness issue for the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In particular, we prove norm inflation based at every initial condition in negative Sobolev spaces below or at the scaling critical regularity.
We present a general blow-up technique to obtain local regularity estimates for solutions, and their derivatives, of second order elliptic equations in divergence form in Hölder spaces with variable exponent. The procedure allows to extend the estimates up to a portion of the boundary where Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions are prescribed and produces a Schauder theory for partial derivatives of solutions of any order $k\in\mathbb{N}$. The strategy relies on the construction of a class of suitable regularizing problems and an approximation argument. The estimates we obtain are sharp wit…
Almost Lipschitz regularity for solutions of elliptic equations with discontinuous coefficients
DiSEG, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”（那不勒斯帕耳忒诺佩大学 DiSEG 系）；Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”（那不勒斯帕耳忒诺佩大学工程学院）；Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni “R. Caccioppoli”, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”（那不勒斯费德里科二世大学 R. Caccioppoli 数学与应用数学系）
On a bounded domain $Ω$ in euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^n$, we study the homogeneous Dirichlet problem for the eikonal equation associated with a system of smooth vector fields, which satisfies Hörmander's bracket generating condition. We prove that the solution is smooth in the complement of a closed set of Lebesgue measure zero.
