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arXiv 2004.14686cond-mat.quant-gas
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超临界量子气体的耗散蒸馏

Dissipative Distillation of Supercritical Quantum Gases

Jorge Mellado Munoz, Xi Wang, Thomas Hewitt, Anna U. Kowalczyk, Rahul Sawant, Giovanni Barontini

摘要:

实验上实现了一种制备非平衡玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的方法,其凝聚分数超过了相同参数下的平衡态。为了做到这一点,我们将87Rb的超冷玻色气体浸入温度高得多的39K云中,提供了一个受控的耗散源。通过将耗散环境的作用与蒸发冷却相结合,我们能够逐步地从热云中去除非平衡玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。我们表明,通过增加耗散的强度,甚至有可能产生高于临界温度的凝聚。最后,我们证明了我们的平衡样品是长寿命的,并没有达到平衡的时间,是我们的实验。由于其高度的控制,我们的蒸馏过程是一个有前途的工具,工程的开放量子系统。

英文摘要:

We experimentally realize a method to produce non-equilibrium Bose Einstein condensates with condensed fraction exceeding those of equilibrium samples with the same parameters. To do this, we immerse an ultracold Bose gas of 87Rb in a cloud of 39K with substantially higher temperatures, providing a controlled source of dissipation. By combining the action of the dissipative environment with evaporative cooling, we are able to progressively distil the non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensate from the thermal cloud. We show that by increasing the strength of the dissipation it is even possible to produce condensates above the critical temperature. We finally demonstrate that our out-of-equilibrium samples are long-lived and do not reach equilibrium in a time that is accessible for our experiment. Due to its high degree of control, our distillation process is a promising tool for the engineering of open quantum systems.

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