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arXiv 2004.08186hep-thgr-qcnucl-th
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无质量费米子与涡度、手征和磁场的热力学平衡

Thermodynamic equilibrium of massless fermions with vorticity, chirality and magnetic field

Matteo Buzzegoli

摘要:

本论文旨在研究涡度对相对论量子系统热力学的影响。我们推广了Zubarev的非平衡统计算符方法,在保持系统的协变和量子特性的前提下,研究了手征物质和外电磁场存在时涡度引起的量子效应.为了研究涡度的影响,这项工作一直集中在系统组成的无质量手征费米子。我们恢复了文献中已知的重要量子现象,即手征磁效应,手征涡效应,轴向涡效应和手征分离效应,我们还揭示了在二阶热涡的额外效应的存在。本研究还确定并给出了在均匀磁场作用下,由手征无质量费米子组成的整体热平衡系统的热态的精确解。利用这些精确解和守恒方程,研究还证明了与热涡度一阶效应相关的热系数不受外部电磁场的修正。同样的论点揭示了这些热系数之间存在的关系,甚至将与涡量有关的系数与其他与电磁场有关的系数联系起来。例如,该分析已经发现,手征涡旋效应和手征磁效应电导率通过微分方程彼此连接。因此,这项研究提供了第一步推导电磁场和涡量的影响和相互作用之间的关系。

英文摘要:

The present thesis aimed to examine the effects of vorticity on the thermodynamics of relativistic quantum systems. We extend the Zubarev's non-equilibrium statistical operator method to address quantum effects induced by vorticity in the presence of chiral matter and external electromagnetic field and keeping full covariant and quantum properties of the system. To investigate the effects of vorticity, this work has been focused on systems consisting of massless chiral fermions. We recovered the significant quantum phenomena known in the literature, namely the chiral magnetic effect, the chiral vortical effect, the axial vortical effect and the chiral separation effect and we also revealed the presence of additional effects at second-order on thermal vorticity. This study has also identified and presented the exact solutions of thermal states for a system at global thermal equilibrium consisting of chiral massless fermions under the action of an external constant homogeneous magnetic field. Taking advantage of these exact solutions and conservation equations, the study also proved that the thermal coefficients related to first-order effects on thermal vorticity do not receive corrections from the external electromagnetic field. The same argument revealed existing relations between those thermal coefficients, even connecting coefficients related to vorticity to other related to electromagnetic field. For instance, this analysis has found that the chiral vortical effect and the chiral magnetic effect conductivities are connected one to the other by a differential equation. Therefore, this research provides the first steps into deriving the relations between the effects and the interplay of electromagnetic fields and vorticity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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