In this paper we study the maximal subspaces of continuous n-homogeneous polynomials on complex and real non separable Banach spaces. In the real case we will prove that if P is a 2-homogeneous polynomial and if there exist a k-dimensional P-maximal subspace then every P-maximal subspace is k-dimensional.
In article is constructed a wide couple of pairwice non-isomorphic separable superreflexive Banach spaces E that are subspace homogeneous. Their conjugates are quotient homogeneous. None of this couple neither isomorphic to its Cartesian square nor has the approximation property. At the same time, any such E is isomorphic to E+ E+ W for some Banach space W and, hence, solves the Schroeder - Bernstein problem.
We describe necessary and sufficient conditions for a $J$-dissipative operator in a Krein space to have maximal semidefinite invariant subspaces. The semigroup properties of the restrictions of an operator to these subspaces are studied. Applications are given to the case when an operator admits matrix representation with respect to the canonical decomposition of the space. The main conditions are given in the terms of the interpolation theory of Banach spaces.
For graded Hilbert spaces $H$ and shift-like commuting tuples $T \in B(H)^n$, we show that each homogeneous joint invariant subspace $M$ of $T$ has finite index and is generated by its wandering subspace. Under suitable conditions on the grading $(H_k)_{k\geq 0}$ of $H$ the algebraic direct sum $\tilde{M} = \oplus_{k\geq 0} M \cap H_k$ becomes a finitely generated module over the polynomial ring $\mathbb C[z]$. We show that the wandering subspace $W_T(M)$ of $M$ is contained in $\tilde{M}$ and that each linear basis of $W_T(M)$ forms a minimal set of generators for the $\mathbb C[z]$-module $\…
A definition of frames in Krein spaces is proposed which extends the concept of $J$-frames defined by J.I. Giribet et al., J. Math. Anal. Appl. ${\textbf{393}}$ (2012), 122-137. The principal difference consists in the fact that a $J$-frame is related to maximal definite subspaces $\mathcal{M}_\pm$ which are not assumed to be uniformly definite. The latter allows one to extend the collection of $J$-frames. In particular, some complete $J$-orthogonal sequences and $J$-orthogonal Schauder bases can be interpreted as $J$-frames.
We study the mapping properties of the Hardy--Littlewood fractional maximal operator between Lorentz spaces of the homogeneous tree and discuss the optimality of all the results.
Let $\mathcal{P}_{K} (^{n}E; F)$ (resp. $\mathcal{P}_{w} (^{n}E; F)$) the subspace of all $P\in \mathcal{P}(^{n}E; F)$ which are compact (resp. weakly continuous on bounded sets). We show that if $\mathcal{P}_{K} (^{n}E; F)$ contains an isomorphic copy of $c_{0}$, then $\mathcal{P}_{K} (^{n}E; F)$ is not complemented in $\mathcal{P}(^{n}E; F)$. Likewise we show that if $\mathcal{P}_{w} (^{n}E; F)$ contains an isomorphic copy of $c_{0}$, then $\mathcal{P}_{w}(^{n}E; F)$ is not complemented in $\mathcal{P}(^{n}E; F)$.
We prove a local version of Fefferman-Stein inequality for the local sharp maximal function, and a local version of John-Nirenberg inequality for locally BMO functions, in the framework of locally homogeneous spaces, in the sense of Bramanti-Zhu [Manuscripta Math. 138 (2012), no. 3-4, 477-528].
Let $(Ω,Σ,μ)$ be a measure space and $1< p < +\infty$. In this paper we show that, under quite general conditions, the set $L_{p}(Ω) - \bigcup\limits_{1 \leq q < p}L_{q}(Ω)$ is maximal spaceable, that is, it contains (except for the null vector) a closed subspace $F$ of $L_{p}(Ω)$ such that $\dim(F) = \dim(L_{p}(Ω))$. We also show that if those conditions are not fulfilled, then even the larger set $L_p(Ω) - L_q(Ω)$, $1 \leq q < p$, may fail to be maximal spaceable. The aim of the results presented here is, among others, to generalize all the previous work (since the 1960's) related to the lin…
We consider subspaces of Morrey spaces defined in terms of various vanishing properties of functions. Such subspaces were recently used to describe the closure of $C_0^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n)$ in Morrey norm. We show that these subspaces are invariant with respect to some classical operators of harmonic analysis, such as the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator, singular type operators and Hardy operators. We also show that the vanishing properties defining those subspaces are preserved under the action of Riesz potential operators and fractional maximal operators.
We establish the characterizations of commutators of several versions of maximal functions on spaces of homogeneous type. In addition, with the aid of interpolation theory, we provide weighted version of the commutator theorems by establishing new characterizations of the weighted BMO space. Finally, a concrete example shows the local version of commutators also has an independent interest.
Let $\gH$ be a Hilbert space and let $A$ be a simple symmetric operator in $\gH$ with equal deficiency indices $d:=n_\pm(A)<\infty$. We show that if, for all $ł$ in an open interval $I\subset\bR$, the dimension of defect subspaces $\gN_ł(A)(=\Ker (A^*-ł))$ coincides with $d$, then every self-adjoint extension $\wt A\supset A$ has no continuous spectrum in $I$ and the point spectrum of $\wt A$ is nowhere dense in $I$. Application of this statement to differential operators makes it possible to generalize the known results by Weidmann to the case of an ordinary differential expression with both …
A frame is a system of vectors $S$ in Hilbert space $\mathscr{H}$ with properties which allow one to write algorithms for the two operations, analysis and synthesis, relative to $S$, for all vectors in $\mathscr{H}$; expressed in norm-convergent series. Traditionally, frame properties are expressed in terms of an $S$-Gramian, $G_{S}$ (an infinite matrix with entries equal to the inner product of pairs of vectors in $S$); but still with strong restrictions on the given system of vectors in $S$, in order to guarantee frame-bounds. In this paper we remove these restrictions on $G_{S}$, and we obt…
We review the current state of the homogeneous Banach space problem. We then formulate several questions which arise naturally from this problem, some of which seem to be fundamental but new. We give many examples defining the bounds on the problem. We end with a simple construction showing that every infinite dimensional Banach space contains a subspace on which weak properties have become stable (under passing to further subspaces). Implications of this construction are considered.
The aim of the present paper is to obtain a Sjölin-type maximal estimate for pseudo-differential operators with homogeneous symbols. The crux of the proof is to obtain a phase decomposition formula which does not involve the time traslation. The proof is somehow parallel to the paper by Pramanik and Terwilleger (P. Malabika and E. Terwilleger, A weak $L^2$ estimate for a maximal dyadic sum operator on $R^n$, Illinois J. Math, {\bf 47} (2003), no. 3, 775--813). In the present paper, we mainly concentrate on our new phase decomposition formula and the results in the Cotlar type estimate, which a…
If a metric subspace $M^{o}$ of an arbitrary metric space $M$ carries a doubling measure $μ$, then there is a simultaneous linear extension of all Lipschitz functions on $M^{o}$ ranged in a Banach space to those on $M$. Moreover, the norm of this linear operator is controlled by logarithm of the doubling constant of $μ$.
We continue the analysis of algebras introduced by Georgescu, Nistor and their coauthors, in order to study $N$-body type Hamiltonians with interactions. More precisely, let $Y$ be a linear subspace of a finite dimensional Euclidean space $X$, and $v_Y$ be a continuous function on $X/Y$ that has uniform homogeneous radial limits at infinity. We consider, in this paper, Hamiltonians of the form $H = - Δ+ \sum_{Y \in S} v_Y$, where the subspaces $Y$ belong to some given family S of subspaces. We prove results on the spectral theory of the Hamiltonian when $S$ is any family of subspaces and exten…
We study the two weight quantitative estimates for the commutator of maximal functions and the maximal commutators with respect to the symbol in weighted BMO space on spaces of homogeneous type. These commutators turn out to be controlled by the sparse operators in the setting of space of homogeneous type. The lower bound of the maximal commutator is also obtained.
Extensions of dual definite subspaces to dual maximal definite ones are described. The concepts of dual quasi maximal subspaces and quasi basis are introduced and studied. The obtained results are applied to the classification of C-symmetries.
The \emph{relative projection constant} $λ(Y, X)$ of normed spaces $Y \subset X$ is defined as $λ(Y, X) = \inf \{ ||P|| : P \in \mathcal{P}(X, Y) \}$, where $\mathcal{P}(X, Y)$ denotes the set of all continuous projections from $X$ onto $Y$. By the well-known result of Bohnenblust for every $n$-dimensional normed space $X$ and its subspace $Y$ of codimension $1$ the inequality $λ(Y, X) \leq 2 - \frac{2}{n}$ holds. The main goal of the paper is to study the equality case in the theorem of Bohnenblust. We establish an equivalent condition for the equality $λ(Y, X) = 2 - \frac{2}{n}$ and present …
In this paper we derive the maximal subspace of positive numbers, for which the restricted maximal operator of Fejér means in this subspace is bounded from the Hardy space $H_{p}$ to the space $L_{p}$ for all $0<p\leq 1/2.$ Moreover, we prove that the result is in a sense sharp.
Given an homogeneous polynomial on a Banach space $E$ belonging to some maximal or minimal polynomial ideal, we consider its iterated extension to an ultrapower of $E$ and prove that this extension remains in the ideal and has the same ideal norm. As a consequence, we show that the Aron-Berner extension is a well defined isometry for any maximal or minimal ideal of homogeneous polynomials. This allow us to obtain symmetric versions of some basic results of the metric theory of tensor products.
The theorem on the existence of maximal nonnegative invariant subspaces for a special class of dissipative operators in Hilbert space with indefinite inner product is proved in the paper. It is shown in addition that the spectra of the restrictions of these operators on the corresponding invariant subspaces lie in the closed upper half-plane. The obtained theorem is a generalization of well-known results of L.S.Pontrjagin, H.K.Langer, M.G.Krein and T.Ja.Azizov devoted to this subject.
We continue the study of optimal chordal packings, with emphasis on packing subspaces of dimension greater than one. Following a principle outlined in a previous work, where the authors use maximal affine block designs and maximal sets of mutually unbiased bases to construct Grassmannian $2$-designs, we show that their method extends to other types of block designs, leading to a plethora of optimal subspace packings characterized by the orthoplex bound. More generally, we show that any optimal chordal packing is necessarily a fusion frame and that its spatial complement is also optimal.
In this paper, we prove global-in-time $\dot{\mathrm{H}}^{α,q}$-maximal regularity for a class of injective, but not invertible, sectorial operators on a UMD Banach space X , provided $q\in(1,+\infty) , $α\in(-1+1/q,1/q)$. We also prove the corresponding trace estimate, so that the solution to the canonical abstract Cauchy problem is continuous with values in a not necessarily complete trace space.In order to put our result in perspective, we also provide a short review on L q-maximal regularity which includes some recent advances such as the revisited homogeneous operator and interpolation th…
Let $L$ be a homogeneous divergence form higher order elliptic operator with complex bounded measurable coefficients and $(p_-(L),\, p_+(L))$ be the maximal interval of exponents $q\in[1,\,\infty]$ such that the semigroup $\{e^{-tL}\}_{t>0}$ is bounded on $L^q(\mathbb{R}^n)$. In this article, the authors establish the non-tangential maximal function characterizations of the associated Hardy spaces $H_L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$ for all $p\in(0,\,p_+(L))$, which, when $p=1$, answers a question asked by Deng et al. in [J. Funct. Anal. 263 (2012), 604-674]. Moreover, the authors characterize $H_L^p(\mathb…
Let $X$ be a space of homogeneous type and let $\mathfrak{L}$ be a nonnegative self-adjoint operator on $L^2(X)$ enjoying Gaussian estimates. The main aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we prove the (local) nontangential and radial maximal function charaterization for the local Hardy spaces associated to $\mathfrak{L}$. This deduces the maximal function charaterization for local Hardy spaces in the sense of Coifman and Weiss provided that $\mathfrak{L}$ satisfies certain extra conditions. Secondly, we introduce the local Hardy space associated to the critical function $ρ$ which is motivate…
Let $(\cx,\,d,\,μ)$ be a metric measure space and satisfy the so-called upper doubling condition and the geometrically doubling condition. In this paper, the authors show that for the maximal Calderón-Zygmund operator associated with a singular integral whose kernel satisfies the standard size condition and the Hörmander condition, its $L^p(μ)$ boundedness with $p\in(1,\infty)$ is equivalent to its boundedness from $L^1(μ)$ into $L^{1,\infty}(μ)$. Moreover, applying this, together with a new Cotlar type inequality, the authors show that if the Calderón-Zygmund operator $T$ is bounded on $L^2(μ…
We provide two examples of complex homogeneous quadratic polynomials P on Banach spaces of the form l_1(I). The first polynomial P has both separable and nonseparable maximal zero subspaces. The second polynomial P has the property that while the index-set I is not countable, all zero subspaces of P are separable.
The construction of optimal line packings in real or complex Euclidean spaces has shown to be a tantalizingly difficult task, because it includes the problem of finding maximal sets of equiangular lines. In the regime where equiangular lines are not possible, some optimal packings are known, for example, those achieving the orthoplex bound related to maximal sets of mutually unbiased bases. In this paper, we investigate the packing of subspaces instead of lines and determine the implications of maximality in this context. We leverage the existence of real or complex maximal mutually unbiased b…
Let $\mathcal{E}(X,d,μ)$ be a Banach function space over a space of homogeneous type $(X,d,μ)$. We show that if the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator $M$ is bounded on the space $\mathcal{E}(X,d,μ)$, then its boundedness on the associate space $\mathcal{E}'(X,d,μ)$ is equivalent to a certain condition $\mathcal{A}_\infty$. This result extends a theorem by Andrei Lerner from the Euclidean setting of $\mathbb{R}^n$ to the setting of spaces of homogeneous type.
We extend Beurling's invariant subspace theorem, by characterizing subspaces $K$ of the noncommutative $L^p$ spaces which are invariant with respect to Arveson's maximal subdiagonal algebras, sometimes known as noncommutative $H^\infty$. It is significant that a certain subspace, and a certain quotient, of $K$ are $L^p({\mathcal D})$-modules in the recent sense of Junge and Sherman, and therefore have a nice decomposition into cyclic submodules. We also give general inner-outer factorization formulae for elements in the noncommutative $L^p$. These facts generalize the classical ones, and shoul…
Let $L$ be a homogeneous divergence form higher order elliptic operator with complex bounded measurable coefficients on $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $X$ a ball quasi-Banach function space on $\mathbb{R}^n$ satisfying some mild assumptions. Denote by $H_{X,\, L}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ the Hardy space, associated with both $L$ and $X$, which is defined via the Lusin area function related to the semigroup generated by $L$. In this article, the authors establish both the maximal function and the Riesz transform characterizations of $H_{X,\, L}(\mathbb{R}^n)$. The results obtained in this article have a wide range o…
Let $({\mathcal X},ρ,μ)$ be a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss, and $Y({\mathcal X})$ a ball quasi-Banach function space on ${\mathcal X}$, which supports a Fefferman--Stein vector-valued maximal inequality, and the boundedness of the powered Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator on its associate space. The authors first introduce the Hardy space $H_{Y}^*({\mathcal X})$, associated with $Y({\mathcal X})$, via the grand maximal function, and then establish its various real-variable characterizations, respectively, in terms of radial or non-tangential maximal functions, a…