In this paper we have proposed a method that uses chaotic logistic mapping and DNA encoding to encrypt the image. A 32 bit ASCII private key is used to diffuse the image. The results demonstrated clearly show that encryption algorithm based on chaotic logistic mapping and DNA encoding gives better result than encrypting only with chaotic logistic mapping. The proposed method also takes into account the possible parametric like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio and Structure Similarity.
With the increasing number of mobile applications and the popularity of cloud computing, the combination of these two techniques that named mobile cloud computing (MCC) attracts great attention in recent years. A promising public key encryption scheme, Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE), especially the Ciphertext Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE), has been used for realizing fine-grained access control on encrypted data stored in MCC. However, the computational overhead of encryption and decryption grow with the complexity of the access policy. Thus, maintaining data security as well as…
As more sensitive data is shared and stored by third-party sites on the internet, there will be a need to encrypt data stored at these sites. One drawback of encrypting data is that it can be selectively shared only at a coarse-grained level. Attribute based encryption is a public-key-based one-to-many encryption that allows users to encrypt and decry pt data based on user attributes. A promising application of ABE is flexible access control of encrypted data stored in the cloud using access policies and ascribed attributes associated with private keys and cipher text. One.One of the main effi…
In this paper, a scheme for the encryption and decryption of colored images by using the Lorenz system and the discrete cosine transform in two dimensions (DCT2) is proposed. Although chaos is random, it has deterministic features that can be used for encryption; further, the same sequences can be produced at the transmitter and receiver under the same initial conditions. Another property of DCT2 is that the energy is concentrated in some elements of the coefficients. These two properties are used to efficiently encrypt and recover the image at the receiver by using three different keys with t…
We propose a geo-encryption protocol that allow mobile nodes to communicate securely by restricting the decryption of a message to a particular location and time period. Our protocol will handle the exchange of movement parameters, so that a sender is able to geo-encrypt messages to a moving decryption zone that contains a mobile node's estimated location. We also present methods for estimating the node's movement parameters to allow for geo-encryption. Finally, we evaluate our model by measuring the induced overhead to the network and its performance in terms of decryption ratio.
The need of exchanging messages and images secretly over unsecure networks promoted the creation of cryptosystems to enable receivers to interpret the exchanged information. In this paper, a particular public key cryptosystem called the ElGamal Cryptosystem is presented considered with the help MATLAB Program to be used over Images. Since the ElGamal cryptosystem over a primitive root of a large prime is used in messages encryption in the free GNU Privacy Guard software, recent versions of PGP, and other cryptosystems. This paper shows a modification of the this cryptosystem by applying it ove…
This paper discusses the application of known techniques, knowledge and technology in a novel way for encryption. Two distinct and separate methods are presented. Method 1: Alter the symbol set of the language by adding additional redundant symbols for frequent symbols. This will reduce the high frequency of more commonly used symbols. Hence, frequency analysis upon ciphertext will not be possible. Hence, decryption will be possible. Method 2: Computers use binary base 2. Most encryption systems use ciphering to convert data to ciphertext. The author presents the theory and several possible im…
Current video cards (GPUs - Graphics Processing Units) are very programmable, have become much more powerful than the CPUs and they are very affordable. In this paper, we present an implementation for the AES algorithm using Direct3D 10 certified GPUs. The graphics API Direct3D 10 is the first version that allows the use of integer operations, making from the traditional GPUs (that works only with floating point numbers), General Purpose GPUs that can be used for a large number of algorithms, including encryption. We present the performance of the symmetric key encryption algorithm - AES, on a…
In 2013, Boneh and Zhandry introduced the notion of indistinguishability (IND) in chosen plaintext (CPA) and chosen ciphertext (CCA) attacks by a quantum adversary which is given superposition access to an oracle for encryption and decryption queries but is restricted to classical queries in the challenge phase. In this paper we define IND-CPA and IND-CCA notions for symmetric encryption schemes where the adversary has full quantum superposition access to the oracle, and give constructions that achieve these security notions. Our results are formulated in the concrete security framework.
In this work, we introduce a new, efficient and practical scheme based on the Rabin cryptosystem without using the Jacobi symbol, message redundancy technique or the needs of extra bits in order to specify the correct plaintext. Our system involves only a single prime number as the decryption key and does only one modular exponentiation. Consequently, this will practically reduce the computational efforts during decryption process. We demonstrate that the decryption is unique and proven to be equivalent to factoring.The scheme is performs better when compared to a number of Rabin cryptosystem …
In many research works, there has been an orientation to studying and developing many of the applications of public-key cryptography to secure the data while transmitting in the systems, In this paper we present an approach to encrypt and decrypt the message text according to the ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) and RSA algorithm by converting the message text into binary representation and dividing this representation to bytes(8s of 0s and 1s) and applying a bijective function between the group of those bytes and the group of characters of ASCII and then using this me…
In order to protect the security of network data, a high speed chip module for encrypting and decrypting of network data packet is designed. The chip module is oriented for internet information security SOC (System on Chip) design. During the design process, AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and 3DES (Data Encryption Standard) encryption algorithm are adopted to protect the security of network data. The following points are focused: (1) The SOC (System on Chip) design methodology based on IP (Intellectual Property) core is used. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and 3DES (Data Encryption Sta…
This paper describes a novel method of encrypting wave files in popular image formats like JPEG, TIF and PNG along with retrieving them from these image files. MATLAB software is used to perform matrix manipulation to encrypt and decrypt sound files into and from image files. This method is not only a stenographic means but also a data compression technique.
This paper proposes IMCRYPTO, an in-memory computing (IMC) fabric for accelerating AES encryption and decryption. IMCRYPTO employs a unified structure to implement encryption and decryption in a single hardware architecture, with combined (Inv)SubBytes and (Inv)MixColumns steps. Because of this step-combination, as well as the high parallelism achieved by multiple units of random-access memory (RAM) and random-access/content-addressable memory (RA/CAM) arrays, IMCRYPTO achieves high throughput encryption and decryption without sacrificing area and power consumption. Additionally, due to the in…
Fractional Fourier transform and chaos functions play a key role in many of encryption-decryption algorithms. In this work performance of image encryption-decryption algorithms is quantified and compared using the computation time i.e. the time consumption of encryption-decryption process and resemblance of input image to the restored image, quantified by MSE. This work proposes an improvement in computation-time of image encryptiondecryption algorithms by utilizing image compression properties of the 2-dimensional Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT2). Initially, computation complexity of the alg…
We propose the client-side AES256 encryption for a cloud SQL DB. A column ciphertext is deterministic or probabilistic. We trust the cloud DBMS for security of its run-time values, e.g., through a moving target defense. The client may send AES key(s) with the query. These serve the on-the-fly decryption of selected ciphertext into plaintext for query evaluation. The DBMS clears the key(s) and the plaintext at the query end at latest. It may deliver ciphertext to decryption enabled clients or plaintext otherwise, e.g., to browsers/navigators. The scheme functionally offers to a cloud DBMS capab…
Today edge devices commonly connect to the cloud to use its storage and compute capabilities. This leads to security and privacy concerns about user data. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is a promising solution to address the data privacy problem as it allows arbitrarily complex computations on encrypted data without ever needing to decrypt it. While there has been a lot of work on accelerating HE computations in the cloud, little attention has been paid to the message-to-ciphertext and ciphertext-to-message conversion operations on the edge. In this work, we profile the edge-side conversion opera…
With the Increasing use of Machine Learning in Android applications, more research and efforts are being put into developing better-performing machine learning algorithms with a vast amount of data. Along with machine learning for mobile phones, the threat of extraction of trained machine learning models from application packages (APK) through reverse engineering exists. Currently, there are ways to protect models in mobile applications such as name obfuscation, cloud deployment, last layer isolation. Still, they offer less security, and their implementation requires more effort. This paper gi…
Recently, a RGB image encryption algorithm based on DNA encoding and chaos map has been proposed. It was reported that the encryption algorithm can be broken with four pairs of chosen plain-images and the corresponding cipher-images. This paper re-evaluates the security of the encryption algorithm, and finds that the encryption algorithm can be broken efficiently with only one known plain-image. The effectiveness of the proposed known-plaintext attack is supported by both rigorous theoretical analysis and experimental results. In addition, two other security defects are also reported.
Multimedia information availability has increased dramatically with the advent of mobile devices. but with this availability comes problems of maintaining the security of information that is displayed in public. Many approaches have been used or proposed for providing security for information dissemination over networks, protection system classified with more specific as encryption information, and combination between video compression and encryption to increase information security. The strength of the combination between Video compression and encryption science is due to the nonexistence of …
Data breaches-mass leakage of stored information-are a major security concern. Encryption can provide confidentiality, but encryption depends on a key which, if compromised, allows the attacker to decrypt everything, effectively instantly. Security of encrypted data thus becomes a question of protecting the encryption keys. In this paper, we propose using keyless encryption to construct a mass leakage resistant archiving system, where decryption of a file is only possible after the requester, whether an authorized user or an adversary, completes a proof of work in the form of solving a cryptog…
The Internet is a ubiquitous and affordable communications network suited for e-commerce and medical image communications. Security has become a major issue as data communication channels can be intruded by intruders during transmission. Though, different methods have been proposed and used to protect the transmission of data from illegal and unauthorized access, code breakers have come up with various methods to crack them. DNA based Cryptography brings forward a new hope for unbreakable algorithms. This paper outlines an encryption scheme with DNA technology and JPEG Zigzag Coding for Secure…
With the advancement in technology, digital images can easily be transmitted and stored over the Internet. Encryption is used to avoid illegal interception of digital images. Encrypting large-sized colour images in their original dimension generally results in low encryption/decryption speed along with exerting a burden on the limited bandwidth of the transmission channel. To address the aforementioned issues, a new encryption scheme for colour images employing convolutional autoencoder, DNA and chaos is presented in this paper. The proposed scheme has two main modules, the dimensionality conv…
This paper explores a new framework for lossy image encryption and decryption using a simple shallow encoder neural network E for encryption, and a complex deep decoder neural network D for decryption. E is kept simple so that encoding can be done on low power and portable devices and can in principle be any nonlinear function which outputs an encoded vector. D is trained to decode the encodings using the dataset of image - encoded vector pairs obtained from E and happens independently of E. As the encodings come from E which while being a simple neural network, still has thousands of random p…
At Crypto'07, Goyal introduced the concept of Accountable Authority Identity-Based Encryption as a convenient tool to reduce the amount of trust in authorities in Identity-Based Encryption. In this model, if the Private Key Generator (PKG) maliciously re-distributes users' decryption keys, it runs the risk of being caught and prosecuted. Goyal proposed two constructions: the first one is efficient but can only trace well-formed decryption keys to their source; the second one allows tracing obfuscated decryption boxes in a model (called weak black-box model) where cheating authorities have no d…
Researchers in the field of DNA-based chaotic cryptography have recently proposed a set of novel and efficient image encryption algorithms. In this paper, we present a comprehensive summary of those techniques, which are available in the literature. The discussion given in this paper is grouped into three main areas. At first, we give a brief sketch of the backbone architecture and the theoretical foundation of this field, based on which all the algorithms were proposed. Next, we briefly discuss the set of image encryption algorithms based on this architecture and categorized them as either en…
School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University（安全科学与工程学院，东南大学）；School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University（计算与通信学院，兰卡斯特大学）
This paper gives the definitions of an anomalous super-increasing sequence and an anomalous subset sum separately, proves the two properties of an anomalous super-increasing sequence, and proposes the REESSE2+ public-key encryption scheme which includes the three algorithms for key generation, encryption and decryption. The paper discusses the necessity and sufficiency of the lever function for preventing the Shamir extremum attack, analyzes the security of REESSE2+ against extracting a private key from a public key through the exhaustive search, recovering a plaintext from a ciphertext plus a…
The study of sending and receiving secret messages is called cryptography. Generally, senders and receivers are unaware about the process of encryption and decryption. Hence, encryption plays an important role in data communication and data security. The meaning of encryption is not only to keep data confidential from unwanted access but also ensuring the data integrity through available way. As the capacity of breaking the security is increasing rapidly, so, the process that hides information is one of the most concerned topics. Advanced Encryption Standard is a popular, widely used and effic…
Through the years, the flow of Data and its transmission have increased tremendously and so has the security issues to it. Cryptography in recent years with the advancement of VLSI has led to its implementation of Encryption and Decryption techniques, where the process of translating and converting plaintext into cypher text and vice versa is made possible. In this paper, the review of various aspects of VLSI's implementation of encryption and decryption are covered. To systemize the material, the information about topics such as Private Key Encryption, Index Technique, Blowfish Algorithm, DNA…
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）；Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of UESTC in Guangdong（电子科技大学广东电子信息工程研究院）；National Natural Science Foundation of China（国家自然科学基金委员会）
Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) can connect many medical imaging equipments to the medical information network to facilitate the process of diagnosing and treating for doctors. As medical image contains sensitive information, it is of importance yet very challenging to safeguard the privacy or security of the patient. In this work, a deep learning based encryption and decryption network (DeepEDN) is proposed to fulfill the process of encrypting and decrypting the medical image. Specifically, in DeepEDN, the Cycle-Generative Adversarial Network (Cycle-GAN) is employed as the main learning net…
At Eurocrypt'99, Paillier presented a public-key cryptosystem based on a novel computational problem. It has interested many researchers because it was additively homomorphic. In this paper, we show that there is a big difference between the original Paillier's encryption and some variants. The Paillier's encryption can be naturally transformed into a signature scheme but these variants miss the feature. In particular, we simplify the alternative decryption procedure of Bresson-Catalano-Pointcheval encryption scheme proposed at Asiacrypt'03. The new version is more applicable to cloud computin…
The vast parallelism, exceptional energy efficiency and extraordinary information inherent in DNA molecules are being explored for computing, data storage and cryptography. DNA cryptography is a emerging field of cryptography. In this paper a novel encryption algorithm is devised based on number conversion, DNA digital coding, PCR amplification, which can effectively prevent attack. Data treatment is used to transform the plain text into cipher text which provides excellent security
An adaptive quantum image encryption method based on wavelet transform is designed. Since the characteristic of most information is centralized in the low frequency part after performing the wavelet transform, it reserves the image low frequency information only, so as to reduce the encryption workload. Then it encrypts the low frequency information by the random key stream generated by logistic map, the encryption process is realized by implementing XOR operation. In the decryption process, it carries out zero filling operations for high frequency coefficient to recover the decryption images …
To provide data and code confidentiality and reduce the risk of information leak from memory or memory bus, computing systems are enhanced with encryption and decryption engine. Despite massive efforts in designing hardware enhancements for data and code protection, existing solutions incur significant performance overhead as the encryption/decryption is on the critical path. In this paper, we present Sealer, a high-performance and low-overhead in-SRAM memory encryption engine by exploiting the massive parallelism and bitline computational capability of SRAM subarrays. Sealer encrypts data bef…
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）；Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of UESTC in Guangdong（电子科技大学广东电子信息工程研究院）；University of Texas at San Antonio（德克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥分校）
The need for medical image encryption is increasingly pronounced, for example to safeguard the privacy of the patients' medical imaging data. In this paper, a novel deep learning-based key generation network (DeepKeyGen) is proposed as a stream cipher generator to generate the private key, which can then be used for encrypting and decrypting of medical images. In DeepKeyGen, the generative adversarial network (GAN) is adopted as the learning network to generate the private key. Furthermore, the transformation domain (that represents the "style" of the private key to be generated) is designed t…
Among the many types of malicious codes, ransomware poses a major threat. Ransomware encrypts data and demands a ransom in exchange for decryption. As data recovery is impossible if the encryption key is not obtained, some companies suffer from considerable damage, such as the payment of huge amounts of money or the loss of important data. In this paper, we analyzed Hive ransomware, which appeared in June 2021. Hive ransomware has caused immense harm, leading the FBI to issue an alert about it. To minimize the damage caused by Hive Ransomware and to help victims recover their files, we analyze…
