arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2003.03656math.CO
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$\mathbb F_q^2$中的电弧

Arcs in $\mathbb F_q^2$

Oliver Roche-Newton, Audie Warren

摘要:

弧是不包含任何共线三元组的$\mathbb F_q^2$的子集。令$A(q,k)$表示具有基数$k$的$\mathbb F_q^2$中的弧的数目。本文主要关注当$k$相对较大时,即对于某些$t>0$的$k=q^t$,估计$A(q,k)$的大小。微不足道的估计告诉我们,\[ {q \choose k} \leq A(q,k) \leq {q^2 \choose k}. \]我们表明,$A(q,k)$的行为变化显着接近$t=1/2$。低于这个阈值的一个基本参数是用来证明上述平凡的上限不能显着改善。另一方面,对于$t \geq 1/2+δ$,我们利用超图容器理论得到了一个改进的上界\[ A(q,k) \leq {q^{2-t+2δ} \choose k}. \],并利用该技术给出了$\mathbb F_q^2$的随机子集中最大弧的大小的一个上界,该上界以高概率成立。例如,我们证明了一个$p$ -随机子集$Q \subset \mathbb F_q^2$与$q^{-3/2}<p<q^{-1}$包含一个弧的大小$Ω(q^{1/2})$具有高概率。结果对于该范围的$p$是最佳的。最后,这个最佳的界限弧随机集被用来证明有限域模拟的结果Balogh和Solymosi,具有更好的指数:存在一个子集$P \subset \mathbb F_q^2$不包含任何共线四元组,但与属性,对于每一个$P' \subset P$与$|P'| \geq |P|^{3/4+o(1)}$,$P'$包含一个共线三元组。

英文摘要:

An arc is a subset of $\mathbb F_q^2$ which does not contain any collinear triples. Let $A(q,k)$ denote the number of arcs in $\mathbb F_q^2$ with cardinality $k$. This paper is primarily concerned with estimating the size of $A(q,k)$ when $k$ is relatively large, namely $k=q^t$ for some $t>0$. Trivial estimates tell us that \[ {q \choose k} \leq A(q,k) \leq {q^2 \choose k}. \] We show that the behaviour of $A(q,k)$ changes significantly close to $t=1/2$. Below this threshold an elementary argument is used to prove that the trivial upper bound above cannot be improved significantly. On the other hand, for $t \geq 1/2+δ$, we use the theory of hypergraph containers to get an improved upper bound \[ A(q,k) \leq {q^{2-t+2δ} \choose k}. \] This technique is also used to give an upper bound for the size of the largest arc in a random subset of $\mathbb F_q^2$ which holds with high probability. For example, we prove that a $p$-random subset $Q \subset \mathbb F_q^2$ with $q^{-3/2}<p<q^{-1}$ contains an arc of size $Ω(q^{1/2})$ with high probability. The result is optimal for this range of $p$. Finally, this optimal bound for arcs in random sets is used to prove a finite field analogue of a result of Balogh and Solymosi, with a better exponent: there exists a subset $P \subset \mathbb F_q^2$ which does not contain any collinear quadruples, but with the property that for every $P' \subset P$ with $|P'| \geq |P|^{3/4+o(1)}$, $P'$ contains a collinear triple.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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