arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2003.00122q-bio.PEcs.LGstat.ML
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具有不可检测感染者的COVID-19的时间依赖SIR模型

A Time-dependent SIR model for COVID-19 with Undetectable Infected Persons

National Tsing Hua University(台湾清华大学)

Yi-Cheng Chen, Ping-En Lu, Cheng-Shang Chang, Tzu-Hsuan Liu

摘要:

在本文中,我们进行数学和数值分析,以解决COVID-19的以下关键问题:(Q1)是否有可能遏制COVID-19?(Q2)疫情的高峰和结束时间是什么时候?(Q3)无症状感染者如何影响疾病传播?(Q4)要达到群体免疫,需要感染的人口比例是多少?(Q5)保持社交距离的方法有多有效?(Q6)从长远来看,感染人口的比例是多少?对于(Q1)和(Q2),我们提出了一个时间依赖的可感染-恢复(SIR)模型,跟踪2个时间序列:(i)在时间t的传输率和(ii)在时间t的恢复率。这种方法比传统的静态SIR模型更具自适应性,比直接估计方法更具鲁棒性。使用中国提供的数据,我们发现,确诊病例数的单日预测误差几乎在3%以内,确诊病例总数是准确预测的。此外,可以准确地预测被定义为传输速率小于恢复速率的那一天的转折点。在该日之后,基本再生数$R_0$小于1。对于(Q3),我们通过考虑2种类型的感染者来扩展SIR模型:可检测和不可检测的感染者。在这样的模型中是否存在爆发由与$R_0$密切相关的2 × 2矩阵的谱半径来表征。对于(Q4),我们表明在至少1-1/ $R_0$比例的个体被感染后可以实现群体免疫。对于(Q5)和(Q6),我们分析了配置随机图中疾病传播的独立级联(IC)模型。通过将IC模型中的传播概率与SIR模型中的传输速率和恢复速率相关联,我们展示了两种可以导致$R_0$减少的社交距离方法。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we conduct mathematical and numerical analyses to address the following crucial questions for COVID-19: (Q1) Is it possible to contain COVID-19? (Q2) When will be the peak and the end of the epidemic? (Q3) How do the asymptomatic infections affect the spread of disease? (Q4) What is the ratio of the population that needs to be infected to achieve herd immunity? (Q5) How effective are the social distancing approaches? (Q6) What is the ratio of the population infected in the long run? For (Q1) and (Q2), we propose a time-dependent susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model that tracks 2 time series: (i) the transmission rate at time t and (ii) the recovering rate at time t. Such an approach is more adaptive than traditional static SIR models and more robust than direct estimation methods. Using the data provided by China, we show that the one-day prediction errors for the numbers of confirmed cases are almost in 3%, and the total number of confirmed cases is precisely predicted. Also, the turning point, defined as the day that the transmission rate is less than the recovering rate can be accurately predicted. After that day, the basic reproduction number $R_0$ is less than 1. For (Q3), we extend our SIR model by considering 2 types of infected persons: detectable and undetectable infected persons. Whether there is an outbreak in such a model is characterized by the spectral radius of a 2 by 2 matrix that is closely related to $R_0$. For (Q4), we show that herd immunity can be achieved after at least 1-1/$R_0$ fraction of individuals being infected. For (Q5) and (Q6), we analyze the independent cascade (IC) model for disease propagation in a configuration random graph. By relating the propagation probabilities in the IC model to the transmission rates and recovering rates in the SIR model, we show 2 approaches of social distancing that can lead to a reduction of $R_0$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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