Michael F. Barnsley, Louisa F. Barnsley, Andrew Vince
This paper presents a detailed symbolic approach to the study of self-similar tilings. It uses properties of addresses associated with graph-directed iterated function systems to establish conjugacy properties of tiling spaces. Tiles may be fractals and the tiled set may be a complicated unbounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^{M}$.
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The theory of fractal tilings of fractal blow-ups is extended to graph-directed iterated function systems, resulting in generalizations and extensions of some of the theory of Anderson and Putnam and of Bellisard et al. regarding self-similar tilings.
Tilings from Tops of Overlapping Iterated Function Systems
本文研究了如何通过重叠迭代函数系统的顶端扩展自相似铺砌，提出了一种收敛于铺砌的近似超瓷砖序列的方法，并探讨了有限类型系统、非周期性单体铺砌及无限多种相关原型瓷砖的实例。
We introduce a method for constructing collections of subsets of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$, using an iterated function system, a set $T,$ and a cost function. We refer to these collections as tilings. The special case where $T$ is the central open set of an iterated function system that obeys the open set condition is emphasized. The notion of the central open set associated with an iterated function system of similitudes, introduced in 2005 by Bandt, Hung, and Rao, is reviewed. A practical method for calculating pictures of central open sets is described. Some general properties and examples of the ti…
A new method for constructing self-referential tilings of Euclidean space from a graph directed iterated function system, based on a combinatorial structure we call a pre-tree, is introduced. In the special case that we refer to as balanced, the resulting tilings have a finite set of prototiles, are quasiperiodic but not periodic, and are self-similar. A necessary and sufficient condition for two balanced tilings to be congruent is provided.
We review aspects of an important paper by Robert Strichartz concerning reverse iterated function systems (i.f.s.) and fractal blowups. We compare the invariant sets of reverse i.f.s. with those of more standard i.f.s. and with those of inverse i.f.s. We describe Strichartz' fractal blowups and explain how they may be used to construct tilings of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ even in the case where the i.f.s. is overlapping. We introduce and establish the notion of "tops" of blowups. Our motives are not pure: we seek to show that a simple i.f.s. and an idea of Strichartz, can be used to create complicated …
The hat polykite as an Iterated Function System
本研究将著名的非周期帽形铺砌对应到重叠迭代函数系统，通过研究分量一致收敛的无穷迭代函数系统序列，为帽形铺砌的非完美替换系统提供了理论建模。
An iterated function system $Φ$ consisting of contractive similarity mappings has a unique attractor $F \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ which is invariant under the action of the system, as was shown by Hutchinson [Hut]. This paper shows how the action of the function system naturally produces a tiling $\mathcal{T}$ of the convex hull of the attractor. More precisely, it tiles the complement of the attractor within its convex hull. These tiles form a collection of sets whose geometry is typically much simpler than that of $F$, yet retains key information about both $F$ and $Φ$. In particular, the tile…
Starting with a substitution tiling, we demonstrate a method for constructing infinitely many new substitution tilings. Each of these new tilings is derived from a graph iterated function system and the tiles have fractal boundary. We show that each of the new tilings is mutually locally derivable to the original tiling. Thus, at the tiling space level, the new substitution rules are expressing geometric and combinatorial, rather than topological, features of the original. Our method is easy to apply to particular substitution tilings, permits experimentation, and can be used to construct bord…
New tilings of certain subsets of $\mathbb{R}^{M}$ are studied, tilings associated with fractal blow-ups of certain similitude iterated function systems (IFS). For each such IFS with attractor satisfying the open set condition, our construction produces a usually infinite family of tilings that satisfy the following properties: (1) the prototile set is finite; (2) the tilings are repetitive (quasiperiodic); (3) each family contains self-similartilings, usually infinitely many; and (4) when the IFS is rigid in an appropriate sense, the tiling has no non-trivial symmetry; in particular the tilin…
It is proved that every pseudo-self-affine tiling in R^d is mutually locally derivable with a self-affine tiling. A characterization of pseudo-self-similar tilings in terms of derived Voronoi tessellations is a corollary. Previously, these results were obtained in the planar case, jointly with Priebe Frank. The new approach is based on the theory of graph-directed iterated function systems and substitution Delone sets developed by Lagarias and Wang.
We reinvestigate the theory of deformations of tilings using P-equivariant cohomology. In particular we relate the notion of asymptotically negligible shape functions introduced by Clark and Sadun to weakly P-equivariant forms. We then investigate more closely the relation between deformations of patterns and homeomorphism or topological conjugacy of pattern spaces.
We use the self-similar tilings constructed by the second author in "Canonical self-affine tilings by iterated function systems" to define a generating function for the geometry of a self-similar set in Euclidean space. This tubular zeta function encodes scaling and curvature properties related to the complement of the fractal set, and the associated system of mappings. This allows one to obtain the complex dimensions of the self-similar tiling as the poles of the tubular zeta function and hence develop a tube formula for self-similar tilings in \$\mathbb{R}^d$. The resulting power series in $…
The paper concerns fractal homeomorphism between the attractors of two bi-affine iterated function systems. After a general discussion of bi-affine functions, conditions are provided under which a bi-affine iterated function system is contractive, thus guaranteeing an attractor. After a general discussion of fractal homeomorphism, fractal homeomorphisms are constructed for a specific type of bi-affine iterated function system.
We develop the theory of fractal homeomorphisms generated from pairs of overlapping affine iterated function systems.
It is proved that whenever two aperiodic repetitive tilings with finite local complexity have homeomorphic tiling spaces, their associated complexity functions are asymptotically equivalent in a certain sense (which implies, if the complexity is polynomial, that the exponent of the leading term is preserved by homeomorphism). This theorem can be reworded in terms of $d$-dimensional infinite words: if two $\mathbb{Z}^d$-subshifts (with the same conditions as above) are flow equivalent, their complexity functions are equivalent. An analogue theorem is proved for the repetitivity function, which …
This paper considers the egodicity properties in iterated function systems. First, we will introduce chain mixing and chain transitive iterated function systems then some results and examples are presented to compare with these notions in discrete dynamical systems. As our main result, using adding machine maps and topological conjugacy we show that chain mixing, chain transitive and chain recurrence properties in iterated function systems are equivalent.
Topological pressures of a factor map for nonautonomous iterated function systems
该研究针对紧度量空间上的非自治迭代函数系统的拓扑压展开，建立了其因子映射关联的两个拓扑压之间的不等式，丰富了非自治动力系统的拓扑压理论。
A Closed Graph Theorem for hyperbolic iterated function systems
本研究引入双曲迭代函数系统的态射概念，证明态射图像为迭代函数系统吸引子并得到闭图像定理，给出了研究迭代函数系统拓扑共轭问题的新途径。
In this paper we introduce the concept of orbital fuzzy iterated function system and prove that the fuzzy operator associated to such a system is weakly Picard. An example is provided.
In this paper we introduce expansive iterated function systems, ( IFS) on a compact metric space then various shadowing properties and their equivalence are considered for expansive IFS.
In this paper, we focus attention on extending the topological conjugacy of adding machine maps and minimal systems to iterated function systems. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for an iterated function system to be conjugated to an adding machine map. It is proved that every minimal iterated function system which has some non-periodic regular point is semi-conjugate to an adding machine map. Furthermore, we investigate the topological conjugacy of an infinite family of tent maps, as well as the restriction of a map to its $ω-$limit set with an iterated function system.
We provide explicit formulaes for the first Kantorovich-Wasserstein distance between stationary measures for iterated function scheme on the unit interval. In particular, we consider two stationary measures with different configurations of the weights associated to the same iterated function schemes with disjoint images composed of: $k$ positive contractions or $2$ contractions of different sign. We also study the case of two stationary measures associated to different iterated function schemes.
We construct a converging geometric iterated function system on the moduli space of ordered triangles, for which the involved functions have geometric meanings and contain a non-contraction map under the natural metric.
This article discusses the notion of convergence of sequences of iterated function systems. The technique of iterated function systems is one of the several methods to construct objects with fractal nature, and the fractals obtained with this method are mostly self-similar. The progress in the theory of fractals has found potential applications in the fields of physical science, computer science, and economics in abundance. This paper considers the metric space of $n$- iterated function systems by introducing a metric function on the set of all iterated function systems on a complete metric sp…
We provide a new algorithm (called the grid algorithm) designed to generate the image of the attractor of a generalized iterated function system on a finite dimensional space and we compare it with the deterministic algorithm regarding generalized iterated function systems presented by P. Jaros, L. Maslanka and F. Strobin in [Algorithms generating images of attractors of generalized iterated function systems, Numer. Algorithms, 73 (2016), 477-499].
A relatively simple substitution for the Robinson tilings is presented, which requires only 56 tiles up to translation. In this substitution, due to Joan M. Taylor, neighboring tiles are substituted by partially overlapping patches of tiles. We show that this overlapping substitution gives rise to a normal primitive substitution as well, implying that the Robinson tilings form a model set and thus have pure point diffraction. This substitution is used to compute the Cech cohomology of the hull of the Robinson tilings via the Anderson-Putnam method, and also the dynamical zeta function of the s…
Orbital fuzzy iterated function systems are obtained as a combination of the concepts of iterated fuzzy set system and orbital iterated function system. It turns out that, for such a system, the corresponding fuzzy operator is weakly Picard, its fixed points being called fuzzy fractals. In this paper we present a structure result concerning fuzzy fractals associated to an orbital fuzzy iterated function system by proving that such an object is perfectly determined by the action of the initial term of the Picard iteration sequence on the closure of the orbits of certain elements.
We study fast approximation of integrals with respect to stationary probability measures associated to iterated functions systems on the unit interval. We provide an algorithm for approximating the integrals under certain conditions on the iterated function system and on the function that is being integrated. We apply this technique to estimate Hausdorff moments, Wasserstein distances and Lyapunov exponents of stationary probability measures.
We consider some random iterated function systems on the interval and show that the invariant measure has density in $\mathcal{C}^\infty$. To prove this we use some techniques for contractions in cone metrics, applied to the transfer operator.
In the present work, we study the attractors of iterated function systems (IFSs) on connected and compact metric spaces. We prove that the whole of the phase space of a forward minimal IFS, for which some map admits an attracting fixed point, is an attractor.
The aim of this paper is to establish some results regarding Infinite Iterated Function Systems with the help of the Tarski-Kantorovitch fixed-point principles for maps on partially ordered sets. To this end we introduce two new classes of Infinite Iterated Function Systems which are well suited for applying the aforementioned principle. We also study some properties of the canonical projection from the shift space of an Infinite Iterated Function System belonging to one of the two introduced classes to its attractor.
We treat synchronization for iterated function systems generated by diffeomorphisms on compact manifolds. Synchronization here means the convergence of orbits starting at different initial conditions when iterated by the same sequence of diffeomorphisms. The iterated function systems admit a description as skew product systems of diffeomorphisms on compact manifolds driven by shift operators. Under open conditions including transitivity and negative fiber Lyapunov exponents, we prove the existence of a unique attracting invariant graph for the skew product system. This explains the occurrence …
The canonical projection associated with a mixed possibly infinite iterated function system
该研究针对混合可能无限迭代函数系统相关的分形算子不动点，提出基于典范投影型函数的替代描述方式，并展示了结果的可视化内容。
We study the minimality of almost every orbital branch of minimal iterated function systems (IFSs). We prove that this kind of minimality holds for forward and backward minimal IFSs generated by orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of the circle. We provide new examples of iterated functions systems where this behavior persists under perturbation of the generators.
To the Renyi or backward continued fraction transformation we associate a parabolic iterated function system whose limit set has Hausdorff dimension 1. We show that the Texan Conjecture holds, i.e. for every t in1] there exists a subsystem whose limit set has Hausdorff dimension t
If $F$ and $G$ are iterated function systems, then any infinite word $W$ in the symbols $F$ and $G$ induces a limit set. It is natural to ask whether this Cantor set can also be realized as the limit set of a single $C^{1 + α}$ iterated function system $H$. We prove that under certain assumptions on $F$, $G$ and $H$, the answer is no. This problem is motivated by the spectral theory of one-dimensional quasicrystals.
Quantization dimensions for the bi-Lipschitz recurrent Iterated function systems
本文在强开集条件下，利用谱半径估计了双Lipschitz递归迭代函数系统极限集上Borel概率测度的量化维数。
The quantization dimension function for an $F$-conformal measure $m_F$ generated by an infinite conformal iterated function system satisfying the strong open set condition and by a summable Hölder family of functions is expressed by a simple formula involving the temperature function of the system. The temperature function is commonly used to perform the multifractal analysis, in our context of the measure $m_F$. The result in this paper extends a similar result of Lindsay and Mauldin established for finite conformal iterated function systems [Nonlinearity 15 (2002)].
In this paper, we investigate parameter families of iterated function systems and continuity. Specifically, if we have a set of iterated function systems that depend continuously on a parameter, which properties of the invariant sets will vary continuously? We show here that the invariant sets will vary continuously as a function of the parameter. Furthermore, we give some sufficient conditions under which the Hausdorff dimension will depend continuously on the parameter. Lastly, we give a counter-example where the dimension is not a continuous function of the parameter.
We consider iterated function systems on the real line that consist of continuous, piecewise linear functions. Under a mild separation condition, we show that the Hausdorff and box dimensions of the attractor are equal to the minimum of 1 and the exponent which comes from the most natural system of covers of the attractor.
Learning Iterated Function Systems from Time Series of Partial Observations
本文提出利用延迟嵌入和隐变量表示，从部分观测时间序列中学习随机迭代函数系统，并得到与原系统微分同胚的最小模型表示。
On nonlinear iterated function systems with overlaps
本文构造了一个由线性分式变换组成的带重叠非线性迭代函数系统示例，证明在两映射共享不动点时，吸引子维数仍等于共形维数，从而不存在“维数下降”现象。
We recast the notion of parablender introduced in [Berger2015] as a parametric IFS. This is done using the concept of open covering property and looking to parametric IFS as systems acting on jets.
Mean dimension of general iterated function systems
本文研究了广义迭代函数系统中的平均维数和度量平均维数，证明了平均维数被下界和上界度量平均维数所限制，并展示了具有小边界性质的系统具有零平均维数，同时引入了粘合轨道性质以保证正拓扑熵。
In this paper we will consider the concept of $\mathbb{P}$-weakly hyperbolic iterated function systems on compact metric spaces that generalizes the concept of weakly hyperbolic iterated function systems, as defined by Edalat in \cite{E} and by Arbieto, Santiago and Junqueira in \cite{ASJ} for a more general setting where the parameter space is a compact metric space. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the invariant measure of a $\mathbb{P}$-weakly hyperbolic IFS. Furthermore, we prove an ergodic theorem for $\mathbb{P}$-weakly hyperbolic IFS with compact parameter space.
Moran-Type Iterated Function Systems and Dimensions of Moran Self-Similar Sets
本文提出Moran型迭代函数系统及自相似集的维度理论，通过定义吸引子和测度并引入分离条件，探讨了自相似集的维度计算方法。
We consider the limit set of generalised iterated function systems. Under the assumption of a natural potential, the so called cylinder function, we prove the existence of the invariant probability measure satisfying the equilibrium state. We motivate this approach by showing that for typical self-affine sets there exists an ergodic invariant measure having the same Hausdorff dimension as the set itself.
Dimensions and dimension spectra of Non-autonomous iterated function systems
本文研究非自主共形集的中间维度谱，通过拓扑压力理论推导其豪斯多夫维数和盒计数维数，并探讨无限共形迭代函数系统的维数公式。
Guided by classical concepts, we define the notion of \emph{ends} of an iterated function system and prove that the number of ends is an upper bound for the number of nondegenerate components of its attractor. The remaining isolated points are then linked to idempotent maps. A commutative diagram illustrates the natural relationships between the infinite walks in a semigroup and components of an attractor in more detail. We show in particular that, if an iterated function system is one-ended, the associated attractor is connected, and ask whether every connected attractor (fractal) conversely …
The study of generalized iterated function systems (GIFS) was introduced by Mihail and Miculescu in 2008. We provide a new approach to study those systems as the limit of the Hutchinson-Barnsley setting for infinite iterated function systems (IIFS) which has been developed by many authors in the last years. We show that any attractor of a contractive generalized iterated function system is the limit with respect to Hausdorff-Pompeiu metric of attractors of contractive infinite iterated function systems. We also prove that any Hutchinson measure for a contractive generalized iterated function s…
We know that tilesets that can tile the plane always admit a quasi-periodic tiling [4, 8], yet they hold many uncomputable properties [3, 11, 21, 25]. The quasi-periodicity function is one way to measure the regularity of a quasi-periodic tiling. We prove that the tilings by a tileset that admits only quasi-periodic tilings have a recursively (and uniformly) bounded quasi-periodicity function. This corrects an error from [6, theorem 9] which stated the contrary. Instead we construct a tileset for which any quasi-periodic tiling has a quasi-periodicity function that cannot be recursively bounde…
This article builds on Thurston's height functions. His tiling algorithm is reinterpreted using lattice theory and then generalized in order to generate any tiling of a hole-free region. Combined with a natural encoding of tilings by words, this allows the generation of a linear extension of the lattice of the tilings.
We give a procedure to produce Möbius iterated function systems (MIFS) on the unit disc in the complex plane.
We estimate from above and below the dimension of invariant measure for contracting-on-average iterated function systems in $\R^d$.
This paper discusses iterated monodromy groups for transcendental functions. We show that for every post-singularly finite entire transcendental function, the iterated monodromy action can be described by bounded activity automata of a special form, called "dendroid automata". In particular, we conclude that the iterated monodromy group of a post-singularly finite entire function is amenable if and only if the monodromy group is.
The increasing rate of the Birkhoff sums in the infinite iterated function systems with polynomial decay of the derivative (for example the Gauss map) is studied. For different unbounded potential functions, the Hausdorff dimensions of the sets of points whose Birkhoff sums share the same increasing rate are obtained.
This paper examines thresholds for certain properties of the attractor of a general one-parameter affine family of iterated functions systems. As the parameter increases, the iterated function system becomes less contractive, and the attractor evolves. Thresholds are studied for the following properties: the existence of an attractor, the connectivity of the attractor, and the existence of non-empty interior of the attractor. Also discussed are transition phenomena between existence and non-existence of an attractor.
A note on the boundary dynamics of holomorphic iterated function systems
本文研究全纯自映射的单位圆盘迭代函数系统的边界动力学，提出一个充分条件，将内部动力行为扩展到边界，推广了Bourdon等人对经典Denjoy-Wolff定理的扩展。
This paper deals with analytic families of holomorphic iterated function systems. Using real analyticity of the pressure function (which we prove), we establish a classification theorem for analytic families of holomorphic iterated function systems which depend continuously on a parameter when the space of holomorphic iterated function systems is endowed with the "$λ$-topology". This classification theorem allows us to generalize some geometric results from the paper ("Lambda-Topology vs. Pointwise Topology", to appear in Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.) of the authors, and gives us a better and clea…
Let $E$ be the attractor of an iterated function system $\{ϕ_i(x)=ρR_ix+a_i\}_{i=1}^N$ on $\Bbb R^d$, where $0<ρ<1$, $a_i\in \Bbb R^d$ and $R_i$ are orthogonal transformations on $\Bbb R^d$. Suppose that $\{ϕ_i\}_{i=1}^N$ satisfies the open set condition, but not the strong separation condition. We show that $E$ can not be generated by any iterated function system of similitudes satisfying the strong separation condition. This gives a partial answer to a folklore question about the separation conditions on the generating iterated function systems of self-similar sets.
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