arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2001.08543astro-ph.HEhep-ph
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用中微子事件率检验超新星爆发中的MSW效应

Testing MSW effect in supernova explosion with neutrino event rates

Kwang-Chang Lai, C. S. Jason Leung, Guey-Lin Lin

摘要:

超新星中微子在传播过程中的味跃迁机制值得仔细研究。提出了一种验证SN中微子从SN核向地球传播过程中的Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein效应的方法。非MSW的情况下,要区别于MSW的一个是中微子在真空中传播的非相干味跃迁概率和快速味转换引起的味均衡。我们的方法包括研究中微子事件率在液氩,液体闪烁,和水切伦科夫探测器的时间演化。液氩探测器对$ν_e$通量敏感,而液体闪烁探测器和水切伦科夫探测器通过逆$β$衰变过程测量$\barν_e$通量。$ν_e$($\barν_e$)的通量是来自源的$ν_e$($\barν_e$)和$ν_{μ,τ}$($\barν_{μ,τ}$)通量的线性组合,其中各组分的权重由风味转变机制决定。利用目前可用的模拟SN中微子发射,$ν_e{\rm Ar}$和$\barν_e$逆$β$衰变事件率和相应的累积事件分数的时间演化计算高达$t=100~{\rm ms}$在DUNE,JUNO,和Hyper-Kamiokande探测器,分别。结果表明,利用各探测器中$t=0$到$t=100~{\rm ms}$的累积时间分布曲线下面积及其比值可以区分SN中微子的不同味跃迁方案。

英文摘要:

Flavor transition mechanisms of supernova (SN) neutrinos during their propagation deserve a close scrutiny. We present a method to verify Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) effect during the propagation of SN neutrinos from the SN core to the Earth. The non-MSW scenarios to be distinguished from the MSW one are the incoherent flavor transition probability for neutrino propagation in the vacuum and the flavor equalization induced by fast flavor conversions. Our approach involves studying the time evolution of neutrino event rates in liquid argon, liquid scintillation, and water Cherenkov detectors. The liquid argon detector is sensitive to $ν_e$ flux while liquid scintillation and water Cherenkov detectors can measure $\barν_e$ flux through inverse $β$ decay process. The flux of $ν_e$ ($\barν_e$) is a linear combination of $ν_e$ ($\barν_e$) and $ν_{μ,τ}$ ($\barν_{μ,τ}$) fluxes from the source with the weighting of each component dictated by the flavor transition mechanism. Using currently available simulations for SN neutrino emissions, the time evolution of $ν_e{\rm Ar}$ and $\barν_e$ inverse $β$ decay event rates and the corresponding cumulative event fractions are calculated up to $t=100~{\rm ms}$ in DUNE, JUNO, and Hyper-Kamiokande detectors, respectively. It is shown that the area under the cumulative time distribution curve from $t=0$ to $t=100~{\rm ms}$ in each detector and their ratio can be used to discriminate different flavor transition scenarios of SN neutrinos.

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