用未来的中微子探测器测试超新星爆炸产生的重中性轻子
Testing heavy neutral leptons produced in the supernovae explosions with future neutrino detectors
摘要：
在爆炸的最初几秒钟，超新星的核心可以产生大量被称为重中性轻子（HNL）的假设粒子。然后这些粒子衰变，产生次级高能中微子，可以被中微子探测器探测到。在本文中，我确定了一个区域的HNL参数空间，可以使用这种方法进行测试，假设超新星爆炸的距离从0.2到10千秒差距。HNL的质量范围为$m_N \sim 160-700$ MeV，寿命为$τ_N \gtrsim 0.02$秒，可以使用Hyper-Kamiokande中微子探测器探测。该区域的参数空间是补充现有的界限从原始核合成和未来SHiP实验的预期灵敏度，从而覆盖了我们目前的知识差距HNL的质量$m_N \simeq 400$兆电子伏。
英文摘要：
Hypothetical particles called heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) can be produced in large quantities in the cores of supernovae during the first seconds of the explosion. These particles then decay, producing secondary energetic neutrinos that can be detected by neutrino detectors. In this paper, I identify a region of the HNL parameter space that could be tested using this method, assuming a supernova explosion at distances from 0.2 to 10 kpc. The range of HNLs masses $m_N \sim 160-700$ MeV and lifetimes of $τ_N \gtrsim 0.02$ seconds can be probed using the Hyper-Kamiokande neutrino detector. This region of the parameter space is complementary to existing bounds from primordial nucleosynthesis and to the expected sensitivity of the future SHiP experiment, thus covering a gap in our current knowledge of HNLs up to masses of $m_N \simeq 400$ MeV.
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