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arXiv 1704.04780astro-ph.HE
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$^{56}$ Ni产物在诊断核塌缩超新星爆发机制中的重要性

Importance of $^{56}$Ni production on diagnosing explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernova

Yudai Suwa, Nozomu Tominaga, Keiichi Maeda

摘要:

$^{56}$ Ni是超新星爆发的一个重要指标,它表征了光变曲线。尽管如此,爆炸能量而不是$^{56}$ Ni经常受到爆炸机理界的关注,因为它比$^{56}$ Ni的量更容易从数值数据估计。然而,最终的爆炸能量很难通过详细的数值模拟来估计,因为目前的模拟不能达到典型的爆炸能量饱和时间尺度。相反,$^{56}$ Ni的量在短时间尺度内收敛,使得它将是爆炸机制的更好探针。通过数值模拟和解析模型研究了超新星喷发物中爆炸核合成合成$^{56}$ Ni的量。对于数值模拟,我们采用拉格朗日流体动力学代码,其中中微子加热和冷却项考虑灯泡近似。初始条件取自Woosley & Hegel(2007),其在零年龄主序列中具有12、15、20和25 $M_\odot$。我们还开发了一个分析模型,它给出了一个合理的估计量的$^{56}$镍。我们发现,为了产生足够量的$^{56}$ Ni,$\mathcal{O}(1)$ Bethe的$^{-1}$的爆炸能量的增长率是必要的,这是远远大于在最近的爆炸模拟中发现的,典型的$\mathcal{O}(0.1)$ Bethe的$^{-1}$。

英文摘要:

$^{56}$Ni is an important indicator of the supernova explosions, which characterizes light curves. Nevertheless, rather than $^{56}$Ni, the explosion energy has often been paid attention from the explosion mechanism community, since it is easier to estimate from numerical data than the amount of $^{56}$Ni. The final explosion energy, however, is difficult to estimate by detailed numerical simulations because current simulations cannot reach typical timescale of saturation of explosion energy. Instead, the amount of $^{56}$Ni converges within a short timescale so that it would be a better probe of the explosion mechanism. We investigated the amount of $^{56}$Ni synthesized by explosive nucleosynthesis in supernova ejecta by means of numerical simulations and an analytic model. For numerical simulations, we employ Lagrangian hydrodynamics code in which neutrino heating and cooling terms are taken into account by light-bulb approximation. Initial conditions are taken from Woosley & Hegel (2007), which have 12, 15, 20, and 25 $M_\odot$ in zero age main sequence. We additionally develop an analytic model, which gives a reasonable estimate of the amount of $^{56}$Ni. We found that, in order to produce enough amount of $^{56}$Ni, $\mathcal{O}(1)$ Bethe s$^{-1}$ of growth rate of the explosion energy is needed, which is much larger than that found in recent exploding simulations, typically $\mathcal{O}(0.1)$ Bethe s$^{-1}$.

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