arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2001.06669astro-ph.IMeess.IV
收藏

FAST射频干扰的深度残差检测

Deep residual detection of radio frequency interference for FAST

Zhicheng Yang, Ce Yu, Jian Xiao, Bo Zhang

摘要:

射频干扰(RFI)的检测与消除是500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)数据处理流程中的关键环节。由于其高灵敏度和大数据速率,FAST需要比其同行更准确和有效的RFI标记方法。在过去的几十年中,已经提出了基于人工智能(AI)的方法,例如使用卷积神经网络(CNN)的代码,以更可靠和有效地识别RFI。然而,使用这种方法对FAST数据进行RFI标记通常被证明是错误的,需要进一步的手动检查。此外,网络建设以及为有效的RFI标记准备训练数据集也带来了显著的额外工作量。因此,快速部署和调整人工智能方法用于不同的观察是不切实际的,以实现现有的算法。为了克服这些问题,我们提出了一个称为RFI-Net的模型。RFI-Net无需任何处理即可输入原始数据,自动检测RFI,生成相应的掩模,而无需对原始数据进行任何更改。使用模拟天文数据的RFI-Net实验表明,我们的模型在精度和召回率方面都优于现有的方法。此外,与其他模型相比,我们的方法可以用更少的训练数据获得相同的相对精度,从而减少了准备训练数据集所需的精力和时间。此外,与其他CNN代码相比,RFI-Net的训练过程可以加速,过拟合被最小化。利用FAST和Bleien天文台的观测数据对RFI-Net的性能进行了评估。我们的研究结果证明了RFI-Net能够准确识别具有细粒度,高精度掩模的RFI,无需进一步修改。

英文摘要:

Radio frequency interference (RFI) detection and excision are key steps in the data-processing pipeline of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). Because of its high sensitivity and large data rate, FAST requires more accurate and efficient RFI flagging methods than its counterparts. In the last decades, approaches based upon artificial intelligence (AI), such as codes using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have been proposed to identify RFI more reliably and efficiently. However, RFI flagging of FAST data with such methods has often proved to be erroneous, with further manual inspections required. In addition, network construction as well as preparation of training data sets for effective RFI flagging has imposed significant additional workloads. Therefore, rapid deployment and adjustment of AI approaches for different observations is impractical to implement with existing algorithms. To overcome such problems, we propose a model called RFI-Net. With the input of raw data without any processing, RFI-Net can detect RFI automatically, producing corresponding masks without any alteration of the original data. Experiments with RFI-Net using simulated astronomical data show that our model has outperformed existing methods in terms of both precision and recall. Besides, compared with other models, our method can obtain the same relative accuracy with fewer training data, thus reducing the effort and time required to prepare the training data set. Further, the training process of RFI-Net can be accelerated, with overfittings being minimized, compared with other CNN codes. The performance of RFI-Net has also been evaluated with observing data obtained by FAST and the Bleien Observatory. Our results demonstrate the ability of RFI-Net to accurately identify RFI with fine-grained, high-precision masks that required no further modification.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑