arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.08992astro-ph.IM
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深度学习改进了射频干扰的识别

Deep Learning improves identification of Radio Frequency Interference

Alireza Vafaei Sadr, Bruce A. Bassett, Nadeem Oozeer, Yabebal Fantaye, Chris Finlay

摘要:

射频干扰(RFI)的标记是射电天文学中日益重要的挑战。我们提出了R-Net,这是一种深度卷积ResNet架构,它在所有指标(包括AUC,F1-score和MCC)上的性能都显著优于现有算法(包括默认的MeerKAT RFI标记器和深度U-Net架构)。我们证明了这种改进的鲁棒性单碟和干涉模拟,并使用迁移学习,对真实数据。在$80\%$召回率方面,我们的R-Net模型的精确度比当前的MeerKAT标记器高出约$90\%$,并且在没有额外性能成本的情况下具有高35%的F1分数。我们进一步强调了迁移学习的有效性,该模型最初是在模拟的MeerKAT数据上训练的,并在真实的、人类标记的KAT-7数据上进行了微调。尽管两个望远镜阵列的性质存在很大差异,但该模型的AUC为0.91,而没有迁移学习的最佳模型的AUC仅为0.67。我们考虑在我们的模型中使用的相位信息,但发现,没有校准的相位增加了几乎没有额外的信息相对于振幅数据。我们的研究结果强烈表明,在真实数据的迁移学习的推动下,模拟的深度学习可能会在射电天文学数据的RFI标记的未来中发挥关键作用。

英文摘要:

Flagging of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is an increasingly important challenge in radio astronomy. We present R-Net, a deep convolutional ResNet architecture that significantly outperforms existing algorithms -- including the default MeerKAT RFI flagger, and deep U-Net architectures -- across all metrics including AUC, F1-score and MCC. We demonstrate the robustness of this improvement on both single dish and interferometric simulations and, using transfer learning, on real data. Our R-Net model's precision is approximately $90\%$ better than the current MeerKAT flagger at $80\%$ recall and has a 35\% higher F1-score with no additional performance cost. We further highlight the effectiveness of transfer learning from a model initially trained on simulated MeerKAT data and fine-tuned on real, human-flagged, KAT-7 data. Despite the wide differences in the nature of the two telescope arrays, the model achieves an AUC of 0.91, while the best model without transfer learning only reaches an AUC of 0.67. We consider the use of phase information in our models but find that without calibration the phase adds almost no extra information relative to amplitude data only. Our results strongly suggest that deep learning on simulations, boosted by transfer learning on real data, will likely play a key role in the future of RFI flagging of radio astronomy data.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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