用于射电望远镜的相关射频干扰监测器
Correlated Radio Frequency Interference Monitor for Radio Telescopes
AI总结：
针对CHORD望远镜面临的RFI污染问题，本文提出一种地平线指向天线的实时互相关监测原型，可提供精细时间尺度标记，其技术也适用于其他射电望远镜。
摘要：
射频干扰（RFI）是当前射电天文实验面临的最大挑战之一。加拿大氢强度测绘与射电暂现源探测器（CHORD）这类望远镜需要准确识别RFI以实现其科学目标。对于精密宇宙学的氢原子（HI）强度测绘等应用，需要由数百至数千小时构成的长时间积分，且必须进行彻底的RFI标记，以避免污染深层数据集。目前，许多主要的精密宇宙学仪器正面临包括未标记RFI污染在内的系统性局限；对于暂现源，由RFI导致的虚假触发十分常见，会干扰快速射电暴（FRB）等真实天体的探测。本文提出一种辅助天线阵的原型设计，该天线阵指向地平线，以全采样率与主望远镜进行实时互相关，辅助CHORD仪器识别与缓解RFI。与更传统的全向观测站监测器相比，该设计的主要优势在于能够与CHORD实时同步，并提供精细时间尺度的标记与互相关；其通用设置与技术也可适用于其他射电望远镜。
英文摘要：
Radio frequency interference (RFI) is one of the biggest challenges facing current radio astronomy experiments. Telescopes like the Canadian Hydrogen Observatory and Radio transient Detector (CHORD) need to accurately identify RFI to deliver on their science goals. For applications like HI intensity mapping for precision cosmology, long integrations consisting of hundreds to thousands of hours are needed, and thorough RFI flagging is required to avoid contaminating deep datasets. Currently, many major precision cosmology instruments are facing systematic limitations that include unflagged RFI contamination. For transients, false triggers due to RFI are common and interfere with the detection of real sources like fast radio bursts (FRBs). This paper presents a prototype design for an auxiliary array of horizon-pointed antennas that are cross-correlated in real-time at full cadence with the main telescope to assist in the identification and mitigation of RFI for the CHORD instrument. The major benefit of the version proposed here over a more traditional omnidirectional observatory monitor is the capability to synchronize with CHORD in real time and provide fine timescale flags and cross correlations. The general setup and techniques used here will be applicable to other radio telescopes as well.
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