arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2001.06225astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EPastro-ph.GA
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低质量恒星周围的巨大圆盘

Massive discs around low-mass stars

Thomas J. Haworth, James Cadman, Farzana Meru, Cassandra Hall, Emma Albertini, Duncan Forgan, Ken Rice, James E. Owen

摘要:

我们使用一套SPH模拟研究的敏感性原行星盘的自引力的影响,作为一个功能的星盘属性。我们还包括被动辐射从主恒星使用不同的模型的恒星光度。临界盘星质量比轴对称(我们生产的标准)显着增加低质量的恒星。这可能会对增加原Trappist-1系统中的潜在质量库产生重要影响,因为即使是有效的Ormel et al.(2017)形成模型也会受到外部光蒸发等过程的影响,这些过程可以迅速而显著地耗尽尘埃库。上述的轴对称临界$M_d/M_*$的缩放部分是因为Toomre $Q$参数对表面密度有线性依赖性(这会促进不稳定性),而对剪切只有$M_*^{1/2}$依赖性(这会降低不稳定性),但也是因为对于给定的$M_d/M_*$,热演化取决于宿主恒星质量。盘的早期阶段恒星辐射(其光度远高于零年龄主序星,特别是在低恒星质量时)也可以在显着降低自引力的作用方面发挥关键作用,这意味着即使是太阳质量的恒星也可以支持轴对称盘,其质量比通常认为的高出两倍。我们应用我们的标准与螺旋DSHARP光盘,发现自引力可以解释所观察到的螺旋,只要光盘是光学厚的主机星照射。

英文摘要:

We use a suite of SPH simulations to investigate the susceptibility of protoplanetary discs to the effects of self-gravity as a function of star-disc properties. We also include passive irradiation from the host star using different models for the stellar luminosities. The critical disc-to-star mass ratio for axisymmetry (for which we produce criteria) increases significantly for low-mass stars. This could have important consequences for increasing the potential mass reservoir in a proto Trappist-1 system, since even the efficient Ormel et al. (2017) formation model will be influenced by processes like external photoevaporation, which can rapidly and dramatically deplete the dust reservoir. The aforementioned scaling of the critical $M_d/M_*$ for axisymmetry occurs in part because the Toomre $Q$ parameter has a linear dependence on surface density (which promotes instability) and only an $M_*^{1/2}$ dependence on shear (which reduces instability), but also occurs because, for a given $M_d/M_*$, the thermal evolution depends on the host star mass. The early phase stellar irradiation of the disc (for which the luminosity is much higher than at the zero age main sequence, particularly at low stellar masses) can also play a key role in significantly reducing the role of self-gravity, meaning that even Solar mass stars could support axisymmetric discs a factor two higher in mass than usually considered possible. We apply our criteria to the DSHARP discs with spirals, finding that self-gravity can explain the observed spirals so long as the discs are optically thick to the host star irradiation.

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