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arXiv 1106.4493astro-ph.SR
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大质量恒星周围星周介质演化的辐射-流体动力学模型

Radiation-Hydrodynamic Models of the evolving Circumstellar Medium around Massive Stars

J. A. Toalá, S. J. Arthur

摘要:

利用辐射流体动力学模拟方法研究了大质量恒星(M > 40 M_{\odot})从主序星到Wolf-Rayet阶段的星际和星周介质演化。我们使用公开的恒星演化模型来研究沃尔夫-拉叶星周围的恒星风气泡中可能形成的不同结构。我们发现显着的差异模型和没有恒星旋转,从不同的作者之间的模型。更具体地说,我们发现沃尔夫-拉叶风泡中结构形成的主要成分是红超巨星(或发光蓝变星)阶段的持续时间,质量损失量以及该阶段的风速,与以前的作者一致。热传导也包括在我们的模型中。我们发现,主序列气泡与热传导是略小,由于额外的冷却,降低了压力的热,冲击气泡,但热传导并没有出现显着影响后主序列气泡中的结构的形成。最后,我们研究了模型预测的X射线辐射,并将我们的结果与Wolf-Rayet气泡S308,NGC 6888和RCW 58的观测结果进行了比较。我们发现,主要由团块组成的气泡具有降低的X射线光度和非常软的光谱,而具有外壳的气泡更接近于观测结果。

英文摘要:

We study the evolution of the interstellar and circumstellar media around massive stars (M > 40M_{\odot}) from the main sequence through to the Wolf-Rayet stage by means of radiationhydrodynamic simulations. We use publicly available stellar evolution models to investigate the different possible structures that can form in the stellar wind bubbles around Wolf-Rayet stars. We find significant differences between models with and without stellar rotation, and between models from different authors. More specifically, we find that the main ingredients in the formation of structures in the Wolf-Rayet wind bubbles are the duration of the Red Supergiant (or Luminous Blue Variable) phase, the amount of mass lost, and the wind velocity during this phase, in agreement with previous authors. Thermal conduction is also included in our models. We find that main-sequence bubbles with thermal conduction are slightly smaller, due to extra cooling which reduces the pressure in the hot, shocked bubble, but that thermal conduction does not appear to significantly influence the formation of structures in post-main-sequence bubbles. Finally, we study the predicted X-ray emission from the models and compare our results with observations of the Wolf-Rayet bubbles S\,308, NGC\,6888, and RCW\,58. We find that bubbles composed primarily of clumps have reduced X-ray luminosity and very soft spectra, while bubbles with shells correspond more closely to observations.

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