Claire Lamman, Christoph Baranec, Zachory K. Berta-Thompson, Nicholas M. Law, Jessica Schonhut-Stasik, Carl Ziegler, Maissa Salama, Rebecca Jensen-Clem, Dmitry … 展开作者
Claire Lamman, Christoph Baranec, Zachory K. Berta-Thompson, Nicholas M. Law, Jessica Schonhut-Stasik, Carl Ziegler, Maissa Salama, Rebecca Jensen-Clem, Dmitry A. Duev, Reed Riddle, Shrinivas R. Kulkarni, Jennifer G. Winters, Jonathan M. Irwin
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16 pages, 9 figures. To be published in The Astronomical Journal
We analyze observations from Robo-AO's field M dwarf survey taken on the 2.1m Kitt Peak telescope and perform a multiplicity comparison with Gaia DR2. Through its laser-guided, automated system, the Robo-AO instrument has yielded the largest adaptive optics M dwarf multiplicity survey to date. After developing an interface to visually identify and locate stellar companions, we selected eleven lowsignificance Robo-AO detections for follow-up on the Keck II telescope using NIRC2. In the Robo-AO survey we find 553 candidate companions within 4" around 534 stars out of 5566 unique targets, most of which are new discoveries. Using a position cross match with DR2 on all targets, we assess the binary recoverability of Gaia DR2 and compare the properties of multiples resolved by both Robo-AO and Gaia. The catalog of nearby M dwarf systems and their basic properties presented here can assist other surveys which observe these stars, such as the NASA TESS mission.
Context. The statistical properties of binary stars are clues for understanding their formation process. A radial velocity survey was carried on amongst nearby G-type stars and the results were published in 1991. Aims. The survey of radial velocity measurements was extended towards K-type stars. Methods. A sample of 261 K-type stars was observed with the spectrovelocimeter CORAVEL (COrrelation RAdial VELocities). Those stars with a variable radial velocity were detected on the basis of the P(chi^2) test. The orbital elements of the spectroscopic binaries were then derived. Results. The statist…
The majority of stars have one or more stellar companions. As exoplanets continue to be discovered, it is crucial to examine planetary systems to identify their stellar companions. By observing a change in proper motion, companions can be detected by the acceleration they induce on their host stars. We selected 701 stars from the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations (HGCA) that have existing adaptive optics imaging data gathered with Gemini/NIRI. Of these, we examined 21 stars known to host planet candidates and reduced their archival NIRI data with Gemini's DRAGONS software. We assessed th…
We conducted a survey of nearby binary systems composed of main sequence stars of spectral types F and G in order to improve our understanding of the hierarchical nature of multiple star systems. Using Robo-AO, the first robotic adaptive optics instrument, we collected high angular resolution images with deep and well-defined detection limits in the SDSS $i'$ band. A total of 695 components belonging to 595 systems were observed. We prioritized observations of faint secondary components with separations over $10''$ to quantify the still poorly constrained frequency of their sub-systems. Of the…
Multiplicity of Massive stars in the Milky Way (M3W). I. Project description, UNWIND, application to GLS 11 448, and DIB catalog
Centro de Astrobiología, CSIC-INTA（天体生物学中心，CSIC-INTA）；Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata, CONICET–UNLP（拉普拉塔天体物理研究所，CONICET–UNLP）；Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, UNLP（天文学与地球物理学科学学院，UNLP）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理研究所）；Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna（天体物理学系，拉帕尔马大学）；Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève（天文学系，日内瓦大学）；Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de La Serena（天文学系，拉塞雷纳大学）；Departament of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Geneseo（物理与天文学系，纽约州立大学杰尼奥分校）
Aims: We search for low-mass companions of M dwarfs and characterize their multiplicity fraction with the purpose of helping in the selection of the most appropriate targets for the CARMENES exoplanet survey. Methods: We obtained high-resolution images in the I band with the lucky imaging instrument FastCam at the 1.5 m Telescopio Carlos Sanchez for 490 mid- to late-M dwarfs. For all the detected binaries, we measured angular separations, position angles, and magnitude differences in the I band. We also calculated the masses of each individual component and estimated orbital periods, using the…
We are studying the influence of stellar multiplicity on exoplanet systems, in particular systems that have been detected via radial-velocity searches. We are in particular interested in the closest companions as they would have a strong influence on the evolution of the original planet forming disks. In this study we present new companions detected during our ongoing survey of exoplanet hosts with VLT/SPHERE. We are using the extreme adaptive optics imager SPHERE at the ESO/VLT to search for faint (sub)stellar companions. We utilized the classical coronagraphic imaging mode to perform a snaps…
In order to assess the multiplicity statistics of stars across spectral types and populations in a volume-limited sample, we censused nearby stars for companions with Robo-AO. We report on observations of 1157 stars of all spectral types within 25 pc with decl. $>-13^{\circ}$ searching for tight companions. We detected 154 companion candidates with separations ranging from $\sim$0.15$''$ to 4.0$''$ and magnitude differences up to $Δ$m$_{\textit{i'}}\le$7 using the robotic adaptive optics instrument Robo-AO. We confirmed physical association from Gaia EDR3 astrometry for 53 of the companion can…
21,864 Unresolved, Low-mass Binaries Identified via their Overluminosity in \textit{Gaia} DR3 and a Catalog of 347,440 Systems within 100 pc of the Sun
Georgia State University（佐治亚州立大学）；Planétarium de Montréal, Espace pour la Vie（蒙特利尔天文馆，生命空间）；Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal（特罗蒂尔系外行星研究所，蒙特利尔大学）；Vanderbilt University（范德堡大学）
The SLoWPoKES Catalog of Low-mass Ultra-wide Binaries: A Cool Stars Resource for Testing Fundamental Properties and for Constraining Binary Formation Theory
We present a catalog of 99,203 wide binary systems, initially identified as common proper motion (CPM) pairs from a subset of ~5.2 million stars with proper motions $μ> 40$ mas/year, selected from Gaia data release 2 (DR2) and the SUPERBLINK high proper motion catalog. CPM pairs are found by searching for pairs of stars with angular separations $< 1$ degree and proper motion differences $Δμ< 40$ mas/year. A Bayesian analysis is then applied in two steps. In a first pass, we use proper motion differences and angular separations to distinguish between binaries and chance alignments. In a second …
The Kepler space telescope observed over 15,000 stars for asteroseismic studies. Of these, 75% of dwarfs (and 8% of giants) were found to show anomalous behavior: such as suppressed oscillations (low amplitude) or no oscillations at all. The lack of solar-like oscillations may be a consequence of multiplicity, due to physical interactions with spectroscopic companions or due to the dilution of oscillation amplitudes from "wide'" (AO detected; visual) or spectroscopic companions introducing contaminating flux. We present a search for stellar companions to 327 of the Kepler asteroseismic sample,…
We describe a homogeneous catalog compilation of common proper motion stars based on Gaia DR2. A preliminary list of all pairs of stars within the radius of 100 pc around the Sun with a separation less than a parsec was compiled. Also, a subset of comoving pairs, wide binary stars, was selected. The clusters and systems with multiplicity larger than 2 were excluded from consideration. The resulting catalog contains 10358 pairs of stars. The catalog selectivity function was estimated by comparison with a set of randomly selected field stars and with a model sample obtained by population synthes…
Cool subdwarfs are the oldest members of the low mass stellar population. Mostly present in the galactic halo, subdwarfs are characterized by their low metallicity. Measuring their binary fraction and comparing it to solar metallicity stars could give key insights into the star formation process early in the history of the Milky Way. However, because of their low luminosity and relative rarity in the solar neighborhood, binarity surveys of cool subdwarfs have suffered from small sample sizes and incompleteness. Previous surveys have suggested that the binary fraction of red subdwarfs is much l…
The POKEMON Speckle Survey of Nearby M dwarfs. IV. Distance-Limited Catalog (POKEMON-DLC)
California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）；Northern Arizona University（北亚利桑那大学）；NSF National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory（美国国家光学红外天文研究实验室）；Bay Area Environmental Research Institute（湾区环境研究所）；NASA Ames Research Center（NASA艾姆斯研究中心）；Lowell Observatory（洛厄尔天文台）；Carnegie Science（卡内基科学）
We present the first search for binary companions of Massive Young Stellar Objects (MYSOs) using AO-assisted $K$ band observations, with NaCo at the VLT. We have surveyed 32 MYSOs from the RMS catalogue, probing the widest companions, with a physical separation range of 400 - 46,000 au, within the predictions of models and observations for multiplicity of MYSOs. Statistical methods are employed to discern whether these companions are physical rather than visual binaries. We find 18 physical companions around 10 target objects, amounting to a multiplicity fraction of 31$\pm$8\% and a companion …
The multiplicity fraction of stars, down to the substellar regime, is a parameter of fundamental importance for stellar formation, evolution, and planetology. The census of multiple stars in the solar neighborhood is however incomplete. Our study is aimed at detecting companions of Hipparcos catalog stars from the proper motion anomaly (PMa) they induce on their host star, namely, the difference between their long-term Hipparcos-Gaia and short-term Gaia proper motion vectors. We also aim to detect resolved, gravitationally bound companions of the Hipparcos stars (117,955 stars) and of the Gaia…
Stellar multiplicity is believed to influence planetary formation and evolution, although the precise nature and extent of this role remain ambiguous. We present a study aimed at testing the role of stellar multiplicity in the formation and/or evolution of the most massive, close-in planetary and substellar companions. Using direct imaging observations, as well as the Gaia DR2 catalogue, we searched for wide binary companions to 38 stars hosting massive giant planets or brown dwarfs (M > 7 MJup) on orbits shorter than ~1 AU. We report the discovery of a new component in the WASP-14 system, and…
From binaries to multiples I: Data on F and G dwarfs within 67 pc of the Sun
本文给出了距太阳67 pc以内的F型和G型矮星的多重性数据。这个基于依巴谷星表的有限距离样本包含4847颗0.5<V-I_C 90%完整的主星（目标）<0.8 and is >。已知的恒星对有2196个，其中一些属于361个等级系统，从三元组到五元组。通过径向速度、天体测量加速度、直接分辨率和共同的自行建立了伴星探测模型。它们用于计算每个目标的完整性，使用这里收集的关于其覆盖范围的信息。大约80%的主星的伴星被探测到，但次级恒星中的子系统的普查只有大约30%。双星的质量是由它们的绝对星等或其他方法估算的，宽双星的周期是由它们的投影间隔估算的。三分之一周期短于100年的双星是光谱和/或天体测量双星，其周期和质量比尚不清楚。这些数据被用于所附的文件II，以获得无偏的统计分层多系统。
