arXiv 2604.021112026-04astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA

银河系中大质量恒星的多星性（M3W）。I. 项目描述、UNWIND、应用于GLS 11 448以及DIB目录

Multiplicity of Massive stars in the Milky Way (M3W). I. Project description, UNWIND, application to GLS 11 448, and DIB catalog

Centro de Astrobiología, CSIC-INTA（天体生物学中心，CSIC-INTA）；Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata, CONICET–UNLP（拉普拉塔天体物理研究所，CONICET–UNLP）；Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, UNLP（天文学与地球物理学科学学院，UNLP）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理研究所）；Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna（天体物理学系，拉帕尔马大学）；Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève（天文学系，日内瓦大学）；Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de La Serena（天文学系，拉塞雷纳大学）；Departament of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Geneseo（物理与天文学系，纽约州立大学杰尼奥分校）

J. Maíz Apellániz, R. C. Gamen, G. Holgado, S. Rosu, J. I. Arias, S. Simón-Díaz, A. Pellerin, M. Abdul-Masih, E. Madero Fuentes, J. A. Molina-Calzada, R. H. Barbá

备注：: Final version accepted in A&A

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AI总结：

研究大质量恒星的多星性，通过UNWIND工具分析GLS 11 448系统，发现两颗最重的O型恒星，并构建了详细的DIB库。

摘要：

大质量恒星的多星性普遍存在，其理解受限于已确定轨道的样本。M3W项目旨在显著增加具有确定轨道和质量的多星系统数量。本文介绍了项目，描述了将使用的数据和工具，包括UNWIND工具，分析了非常大的双星系统GLS 11 448，并简要介绍了系列论文的后续内容。我们为GLS 11 448提供了新的轨道，使用UNWIND首次获得完整的3820-11 000 Å范围的光谱。我们推导了恒星参数，为O型恒星的研究提供了新的恒星线。GLS 11 448的Aa和Ab组件均为O3.5 II(f*)，根据演化质量分别为70±10 M☉和76±11 M☉，是迄今发现的最重的O型恒星。我们还报告了在OB星视线上首次检测到的星际He I 10 830三重线吸收。作为使用GLS 11 448和五个标准星推导ISM模型的副产品，我们构建了最详细的稀疏星际带（DIB）库，总共有631个DIB，在4000-17 100 Å范围内，其中37个拟合多重高斯分布，119个从未被识别过。

英文摘要：

(ABRIDGED BUT NOT TOO FAR) Multiplicity is ubiquitous among massive stars and its understanding is constrained by the sample of well-determined orbits. The immediate goal of M3W is to significantly increase the number of massive multiple systems with well-determined orbits and masses. We will address issues such as multiplicity statistics, the mass function in clusters and the field, the properties of binaries with compact companions and gravitational-wave progenitors, the origin and characteristics of runaways and their 3-D motions, the use of apsidal motion as a probe of stellar interiors, and the mass discrepancy between different methods (evolutionary, spectroscopic, and Keplerian). In this first paper, we present the project; describe the data and tools that will be used, including the disentangling UNWIND tool; analyse the very massive twin binary system GLS 11 448; and briefly introduce some of the following papers of the series. We present a new orbit for GLS 11 448, using UNWIND to obtain for the first time disentangled spectra for the full 3820-11 000 $\mathring{A}$ range for an OB spectroscopic binary. We derive the stellar parameters, making new stellar lines available for the study of O stars. The Aa and Ab components of GLS 11 448, both classified as O3.5 II(f*), are the two most massive O stars ever detected according to the evolutionary masses of 70$\pm$10 M$_\odot$ and 76$\pm$11 M$_\odot$ determined in this paper. We also report the first-ever detection of the interstellar He I 10 830 triplet in absorption in an OB-star sightline. As a by-product of the ISM model derived for UNWIND using GLS 11 448 and five other standard stars, we present the most detailed diffuse-interstellar-band (DIB) library ever built, with a total of 631 DIBs in the 4000-17 100 $\mathring{A}$ range, of which 37 are fitted with multiple-Gaussian profiles and 119 had never been identified before.

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