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arXiv 2001.04983astro-ph.GA
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用ESPRESSO确定近原始气体中12 C/13 C比值的界限

A bound on the 12C/13C ratio in near-pristine gas with ESPRESSO

Louise Welsh, Ryan Cooke, Michele Fumagalli, Max Pettini

摘要:

使用科学验证观测获得的ESTERO在甚大望远镜(VLT)在4UT模式,我们报告的第一个约束的碳同位素比12 C/13 C的静态,接近原始阻尼Ly-alpha(DLA)系统在z=2.34。我们恢复了极限log 10(12 C/13 C)> +0.37(2 sigma)。我们利用该DLA的丰度分布图,结合随机化学富集模型,推断了该系统的富集星性质,得到该系统的总气体质量为log 10(M_gas/M_sun)=6.3+1.4-0.9,总恒星质量为log 10(M_*/M_sun)=4.8+/-1.3。目前的观测结果不利于质量<2.4兆太阳的贫金属渐进巨枝(AGB)星的富集,限制了该DLA形成大部分富集星的时代。我们的模型表明,这个DLA形成了很少的恒星,直到宇宙氢再电离后>1 Gyr,尽管它的金属量非常低(约为太阳的1/1000),但这个DLA似乎在过去的几百万年中形成了它的大部分恒星。结合推断的恒星形成历史和一些最贫金属的DLAs在红移z<3时显示出升高的[C/O]比的证据,我们认为非常贫金属的DLAs可能受到再电离淬灭的影响。最后,考虑到这里所研究的DLA吸收特征的简单性和静止性,我们使用ESTERO数据对精细结构常数的可能变化性进行了限制,Δ α/α =(-1.2 +/- 1.1)x10^-5。

英文摘要:

Using science verification observations obtained with ESPRESSO at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in 4UT mode, we report the first bound on the carbon isotope ratio 12C/13C of a quiescent, near-pristine damped Ly-alpha (DLA) system at z=2.34. We recover a limit log10(12C/13C) > +0.37 (2 sigma). We use the abundance pattern of this DLA, combined with a stochastic chemical enrichment model, to infer the properties of the enriching stars, finding the total gas mass of this system to be log10(M_gas/M_sun)=6.3+1.4-0.9 and the total stellar mass to be log10(M_*/M_sun)=4.8+/-1.3. The current observations disfavour enrichment by metal-poor Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars with masses <2.4 Msun, limiting the epoch at which this DLA formed most of its enriching stars. Our modelling suggests that this DLA formed very few stars until >1 Gyr after the cosmic reionization of hydrogen and, despite its very low metallicity (~1/1000 of solar), this DLA appears to have formed most of its stars in the past few hundred Myr. Combining the inferred star formation history with evidence that some of the most metal-poor DLAs display an elevated [C/O] ratio at redshift z<3, we suggest that very metal-poor DLAs may have been affected by reionization quenching. Finally, given the simplicity and quiescence of the absorption features associated with the DLA studied here, we use these ESPRESSO data to place a bound on the possible variability of the fine-structure constant, Delta alpha/alpha=(-1.2 +/- 1.1)x10^-5.

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