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arXiv 1912.09220cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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石墨烯不透气性的限制

Limits on gas impermeability of graphene

P. Z. Sun, Q. Yang, W. J. Kuang, Y. V. Stebunov, W. Q. Xiong, J. Yu, R. R. Nair, M. I. Katsnelson, S. J. Yuan, I. V. Grigorieva, M. Lozada-Hidalgo, F. C. Wang, A. K. Geim

摘要:

尽管只有一个原子厚,无缺陷的石墨烯被认为是完全不可渗透的所有气体和液体。这一结论是基于理论的,并得到了实验的支持,这些实验无法在每秒10^5到10^6个原子的检测极限内检测到气体通过微米尺寸的膜的渗透。在这里,使用石墨烯紧密密封的小型单晶容器,我们证明了无缺陷的石墨烯是不可渗透的,其精度比以前的实验高出8到9个数量级。我们可以分辨出每小时只有几个氦原子的渗透,这个检测限也适用于所有其他测试气体(氖,氮,氧,氩,氪和氙),除了氢。氢显示出明显的渗透,即使它的分子比氦大,并且应该经历更高的能量势垒。令人困惑的观察结果归因于一个两阶段的过程,该过程涉及在催化活性石墨烯波纹处分子氢的解离,然后吸附的原子以相对较低的活化能翻转到石墨烯片的另一侧,约为1.0电子伏,接近先前报道的质子传输值。我们的工作为二维材料的不可渗透性提供了关键参考,从基本的角度来看及其潜在的应用是重要的。

英文摘要:

Despite being only one-atom thick, defect-free graphene is considered to be completely impermeable to all gases and liquids. This conclusion is based on theory and supported by experiments that could not detect gas permeation through micrometre-size membranes within a detection limit of 10^5 to 10^6 atoms per second. Here, using small monocrystalline containers tightly sealed with graphene, we show that defect-free graphene is impermeable with an accuracy of eight to nine orders of magnitude higher than in the previous experiments. We could discern permeation of just a few helium atoms per hour, and this detection limit is also valid for all other tested gases (neon, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, krypton and xenon), except for hydrogen. Hydrogen shows noticeable permeation, even though its molecule is larger than helium and should experience a higher energy barrier. The puzzling observation is attributed to a two-stage process that involves dissociation of molecular hydrogen at catalytically active graphene ripples, followed by adsorbed atoms flipping to the other side of the graphene sheet with a relatively low activation energy of about 1.0 electronvolt, a value close to that previously reported for proton transport. Our work provides a key reference for the impermeability of two-dimensional materials and is important from a fundamental perspective and for their potential applications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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