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arXiv 1909.12433physics.flu-dynphysics.ao-ph
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分层turbulence直接数值模拟的单粒子拉格朗日统计

Single-particle Lagrangian statistics from direct numerical simulations of rotating-stratified turbulence

Dhawal Buaria, Alain Pumir, Fabio Feraco, Raffaele Marino, Annick Pouquet, Duane Rosenberg, Leonardo Primavera

摘要:

地球物理流体流动主要是湍流,并且经常受到地球自转以及稳定密度分层的强烈影响。使用直接数值模拟强迫Boussinesq方程,我们研究了这些效应对流体粒子运动的影响,重点是与旋转和分层(RaS),$N$和$f$分别相关的频率的情况下,在一个固定的比例$N/f=5$。随着RaS强度的增加,观察到由涡旋主导的状态到由波主导的状态之间的急剧转变,这似乎也可以通过简单地比较时间尺度$1/N$和$τ_η$(柯尔莫哥洛夫时间尺度)来描述。我们进行了详细的研究,拉格朗日统计的加速度,速度和相关的数量在这两个政权。流动的各向异性导致颗粒在水平方向和垂直方向上的运动之间的明显差异。在区域$Nτ_η<1$中,水平和垂直方向上的加速度统计表现出众所周知的各向同性湍流特性。相反,对于$Nτ_η>1$,它们直接受外加RaS的影响。拉格朗日速度统计数据在所有运行中都表现出明显的各向异性;然而,在$Nτ_η>1$状态下,各向异性程度变得非常强。我们发现,在该制度$Nτ_η<1$,旋转提高了平均位移的粒子在水平面在短时间内,但抑制他们在较长的时间。对于$Nτ_η>1$,这种对水平位移的抑制变得更强,没有明显的扩散行为。垂直方向的位移始终受到抑制。当使用$Nτ_η>1$时,抑制作用变得非常强,颗粒几乎被水平捕获。

英文摘要:

Geophysical fluid flows are predominantly turbulent and often strongly affected by the Earth's rotation, as well as by stable density stratification. Using direct numerical simulations of forced Boussinesq equations, we study the influence of these effects on the motion of fluid particles, focusing on cases where the frequencies associated with rotation and stratification (RaS), $N$ and $f$ respectively, are held at a fixed ratio $N/f=5$. As the intensity of RaS increases, a sharp transition is observed between a regime dominated by eddies to a regime dominated by waves, which can also be seemingly described by simply comparing the time scale $1/N$ and $τ_η$ (the Kolmogorov time scale). We perform a detailed study of Lagrangian statistics of acceleration, velocity and related quantities in the two regimes. The flow anisotropy induces a clear difference between particle motion in the horizontal and vertical directions. In the regime $Nτ_η<1$, acceleration statistics in both horizontal and vertical directions, exhibit well known characteristics of isotropic turbulence. In contrast for $Nτ_η>1$, they are directly influenced by imposed RaS. The Lagrangian velocity statistics exhibit visible anisotropy for all runs; nevertheless the degree of anisotropy becomes very strong in the regime $Nτ_η>1$. We find that in the regime $Nτ_η<1$, rotation enhances the mean displacement of particles in horizontal planes at short times, but inhibits them at longer times. This inhibition of horizontal displacement becomes stronger for $Nτ_η>1$, with no clear diffusive behavior. Displacements in the vertical direction are always inhibited. The inhibition becomes extremely strong when $Nτ_η>1$, with the particles almost being trapped horizontally.

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