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arXiv 1909.08401quant-phstat.ML
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未知单准备输入态的量子过程层析成像

Quantum process tomography with unknown single-preparation input states

Yannick Deville, Alain Deville

摘要:

量子过程层析成像(QPT)方法旨在识别,即估计,给定的量子过程。QPT是一种主要的量子信息处理工具,因为它特别允许人们表征量子门的实际行为,量子门是量子计算机的构建块。然而,通常的QPT程序是复杂的,因为它们对用作待表征的过程的输入的量子态设置了若干约束。在本文中,我们扩展QPT,以避免两个这样的限制。一方面,通常的QPT方法需要知道,因此需要精确地控制(即准备)用作所考虑的量子过程的输入的特定量子态,这是麻烦的。因此,我们提出了一个盲的,或无监督的,QPT(即BQPT)的扩展,这意味着这种方法使用的输入量子态的值是未知的和任意的,除了他们被要求满足一些一般已知的属性(和这种方法利用所考虑的量子过程的输出状态)。另一方面,通常的QPT方法要求能够准备相同(已知)输入状态的许多副本,这是有约束的。相反,我们提出了“单准备方法”,即可以操作的方法,只有一个实例,每个考虑的输入状态。这两个新的概念在这里用实际的BQPT方法进行了数值验证,在这种情况下:i)随机纯态被用作输入,它们所需的属性特别是与定义它们的随机变量的统计独立性有关,ii)所考虑的量子过程是基于圆柱对称海森堡自旋耦合。这些概念可以扩展到更广泛的一类过程和基于其他输入量子态性质的BQPT方法。

英文摘要:

Quantum Process Tomography (QPT) methods aim at identifying, i.e. estimating, a given quantum process. QPT is a major quantum information processing tool, since it especially allows one to characterize the actual behavior of quantum gates, which are the building blocks of quantum computers. However, usual QPT procedures are complicated, since they set several constraints on the quantum states used as inputs of the process to be characterized. In this paper, we extend QPT so as to avoid two such constraints. On the one hand, usual QPT methods requires one to know, hence to precisely control (i.e. prepare), the specific quantum states used as inputs of the considered quantum process, which is cumbersome. We therefore propose a Blind, or unsupervised, extension of QPT (i.e. BQPT), which means that this approach uses input quantum states whose values are unknown and arbitrary, except that they are requested to meet some general known properties (and this approach exploits the output states of the considered quantum process). On the other hand, usual QPT methods require one to be able to prepare many copies of the same (known) input state, which is constraining. On the contrary, we propose "single-preparation methods", i.e. methods which can operate with only one instance of each considered input state. These two new concepts are here illustrated with practical BQPT methods which are numerically validated, in the case when: i) random pure states are used as inputs and their required properties are especially related to the statistical independence of the random variables that define them, ii) the considered quantum process is based on cylindrical-symmetry Heisenberg spin coupling. These concepts may be extended to a much wider class of processes and to BQPT methods based on other input quantum state properties.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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