arXiv 1909.020152019-09-04gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-th

引力与量子理论：冲突与接触的领域

Gravity and Quantum Theory: Domains of Conflict and Contact

T. Padmanabhan

备注：: Invited Review; 98 pages; 2 figures
发表信息：: International Journal of Modern Physics D, 2030001 (2020)
DOI：: 10.1142/S0218271820300013

摘要：

关于时空的量子结构和引力动力学，有两条强有力的线索，这两条线索在传统的反引力方法中几乎被普遍忽视。第一个线索是零表面表现出（观察者依赖）热特性，并拥有热密度。这意味着时空和物质一样，也有微观的自由度，它的长波长极限应该用热力学语言而不是几何语言来描述。第二条线索与宇宙学常数的存在有关。从第一性原理理解它需要理论的动力学原理在位移$T^a_b \to T^a_b + (constant) δ^a_b$下是不变的。这对引力动力学的性质提出了很强的限制，并排除了度规张量作为基本的动力学变量。事实上，这两条线索是密切相关的。当动力学原理根据对称性$T^a_b \to T^a_b + (constant) δ^a_b$被改写时，它们自动获得了与第一条线索相关的热力学解释。本文的第一部分是对视界热性质的教学介绍，包括一些新颖的推导。第二部分描述了宇宙学常数问题的一些方面，最后一部分提供了一个考虑到这些原则的引力观点。

英文摘要：

There are two strong clues about the quantum structure of spacetime and the gravitational dynamics, which are almost universally ignored in the conventional approaches to quantize gravity. The first clue is that null surfaces exhibit (observer dependent) thermal properties and possess a heat density. This suggests that spacetime, like matter, has microscopic degrees of freedom and its long wavelength limit should be described in thermodynamic language and not in a geometric language. Second clue is related to the existence of the cosmological constant. Its understanding from first principles will require the dynamical principles of the theory to be invariant under the shift $T^a_b \to T^a_b + (constant) δ^a_b$. This puts strong constraints on the nature of gravitational dynamics and excludes metric tensor as a fundamental dynamical variable. In fact, these two clues are closely related to each other. When the dynamical principles are recast, respecting the symmetry $T^a_b \to T^a_b + (constant) δ^a_b$, they automatically acquire a thermodynamic interpretation related to the first clue. The first part of this review provides a pedagogical introduction to thermal properties of the horizons, including some novel derivations. The second part describes some aspects of cosmological constant problem and the last part provides a perspective on gravity which takes into account these principles.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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