In this paper, we propose a model for the Environment Sound Classification Task (ESC) that consists of multiple feature channels given as input to a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Attention mechanism. The novelty of the paper lies in using multiple feature channels consisting of Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Gammatone Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (GFCC), the Constant Q-transform (CQT) and Chromagram. Such multiple features have never been used before for signal or audio processing. And, we employ a deeper CNN (DCNN) compared to previous models, consisting of spatially separable convolutions working on time and feature domain separately. Alongside, we use attention modules that perform channel and spatial attention together. We use some data augmentation techniques to further boost performance. Our model is able to achieve state-of-the-art performance on all three benchmark environment sound classification datasets, i.e. the UrbanSound8K (97.52%), ESC-10 (95.75%) and ESC-50 (88.50%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a single environment sound classification model is able to achieve state-of-the-art results on all three datasets. For ESC-10 and ESC-50 datasets, the accuracy achieved by the proposed model is beyond human accuracy of 95.7% and 81.3% respectively.
CCG ZGDV Institute（CCG ZGDV研究所）；Bosch Car Multimedia, Portugal（博世汽车多媒体（葡萄牙）公司）
This technical report describes two methods that were developed for Task 2 of the DCASE 2020 challenge. The challenge involves an unsupervised learning to detect anomalous sounds, thus only normal machine working condition samples are available during the training process. The two methods involve deep autoencoders, based on dense and convolutional architectures that use melspectogram processed sound features. Experiments were held, using the six machine type datasets of the challenge. Overall, competitive results were achieved by the proposed dense and convolutional AE, outperforming the basel…
Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science（上海先进通信与数据科学研究院）；Shanghai University（上海大学）
Environmental sound classification (ESC) is a challenging problem due to the complexity of sounds. The ESC performance is heavily dependent on the effectiveness of representative features extracted from the environmental sounds. However, ESC often suffers from the semantically irrelevant frames and silent frames. In order to deal with this, we employ a frame-level attention model to focus on the semantically relevant frames and salient frames. Specifically, we first propose an convolutional recurrent neural network to learn spectro-temporal features and temporal correlations. Then, we extend o…
Queen Mary University of London（伦敦玛丽女王大学）；The Alan Turing Institute（艾伦·图灵研究所）
In this paper we investigate the importance of the extent of memory in sequential self attention for sound recognition. We propose to use a memory controlled sequential self attention mechanism on top of a convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) model for polyphonic sound event detection (SED). Experiments on the URBAN-SED dataset demonstrate the impact of the extent of memory on sound recognition performance with the self attention induced SED model. We extend the proposed idea with a multi-head self attention mechanism where each attention head processes the audio embedding with explic…
Peking University（北京大学）；Peng Cheng Laboratory（鹏城实验室）；University of Surrey（萨里大学）
Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are one of the best-performing neural network architectures for environmental sound classification (ESC). Recently, temporal attention mechanisms have been used in CNN to capture the useful information from the relevant time frames for audio classification, especially for weakly labelled data where the onset and offset times of the sound events are not applied. In these methods, however, the inherent spectral characteristics and variations are not explicitly exploited when obtaining the deep features. In this paper, we propose a novel parallel temporal-spect…
Acoustic Scene Classification (ASC) is a challenging task, as a single scene may involve multiple events that contain complex sound patterns. For example, a cooking scene may contain several sound sources including silverware clinking, chopping, frying, etc. What complicates ASC more is that classes of different activities could have overlapping sounds patterns (e.g. both cooking and dishwashing could have silverware clinking sound). In this paper, we propose a multi-head attention network to model the complex temporal input structures for ASC. The proposed network takes the audio's time-frequ…
Technical University of Eindhoven (TU/e)（埃因霍温理工大学）；Dutch National Police（荷兰国家警察）
With big data becoming increasingly available, IoT hardware becoming widely adopted, and AI capabilities becoming more powerful, organizations are continuously investing in sensing. Data coming from sensor networks are currently combined with sensor fusion and AI algorithms to drive innovation in fields such as self-driving cars. Data from these sensors can be utilized in numerous use cases, including alerts in safety systems of urban settings, for events such as gun shots and explosions. Moreover, diverse types of sensors, such as sound sensors, can be utilized in low-light conditions or at l…
In this work, we train fully convolutional networks to detect anger in speech. Since training these deep architectures requires large amounts of data and the size of emotion datasets is relatively small, we use transfer learning. However, unlike previous approaches that use speech or emotion-based tasks for the source model, we instead use SoundNet, a fully convolutional neural network trained multimodally on a massive video dataset to classify audio, with ground-truth labels provided by vision-based classifiers. As a result of transfer learning from SoundNet, our trained anger detection model…
National Taiwan University（台湾大学）；Academia Sinica（中央研究院）
In this paper, we introduce a novel attentional similarity module for the problem of few-shot sound recognition. Given a few examples of an unseen sound event, a classifier must be quickly adapted to recognize the new sound event without much fine-tuning. The proposed attentional similarity module can be plugged into any metric-based learning method for few-shot learning, allowing the resulting model to especially match related short sound events. Extensive experiments on two datasets shows that the proposed module consistently improves the performance of five different metric-based learning m…
In this paper, we propose addressing the lack of strongly labeled data by using pseudo strongly labeled data approximated using Convolutive Nonnegative Matrix Factorization. Using this set of data, we then train a novel architecture called the Convolutional Macaron Net (CMN), which combines Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with MN, in a semi-supervised manner. Instead of training only a single model or using the Mean-teacher approach, we train two different CMNs synchronously using a curriculum consistency cost and a curriculum interpolated consistency cost. In the inference stage, one of th…
Weakly Labelled learning has garnered lot of attention in recent years due to its potential to scale Sound Event Detection (SED) and is formulated as Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) problem. This paper proposes a Multi-Task Learning (MTL) framework for learning from Weakly Labelled Audio data which encompasses the traditional MIL setup. To show the utility of proposed framework, we use the input TimeFrequency representation (T-F) reconstruction as the auxiliary task. We show that the chosen auxiliary task de-noises internal T-F representation and improves SED performance under noisy recording…
Sound event localisation and detection (SELD) is a problem in the field of automatic listening that aims at the temporal detection and localisation (direction of arrival estimation) of sound events within an audio clip, usually of long duration. Due to the amount of data present in the datasets related to this problem, solutions based on deep learning have positioned themselves at the top of the state of the art. Most solutions are based on 2D representations of the audio (different spectrograms) that are processed by a convolutional-recurrent network. The motivation of this submission is to s…
University of Padua（帕多瓦大学）；Missouri State University（密苏里州立大学）；Tampere University（坦佩雷大学）
In this paper, ensembles of classifiers that exploit several data augmentation techniques and four signal representations for training Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for audio classification are presented and tested on three freely available audio classification datasets: i) bird calls, ii) cat sounds, and iii) the Environmental Sound Classification dataset. The best performing ensembles combining data augmentation techniques with different signal representations are compared and shown to outperform the best methods reported in the literature on these datasets. The approach proposed here…
University of Augsburg（奥格斯堡大学）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；Shenzhen University General Hospital（深圳大学总医院）；Wenzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital（温州医科大学附属第一医院）；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of deaths and severely threaten human health in daily life. On the one hand, there have been dramatically increasing demands from both the clinical practice and the smart home application for monitoring the heart status of subjects suffering from chronic cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, experienced physicians who can perform an efficient auscultation are still lacking in terms of number. Automatic heart sound classification leveraging the power of advanced signal processing and machine learning technologies has shown encouraging results.…
Clova AI Research（Clova人工智能研究院）；NAVER Corp.（NAVER公司）；Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
Music highlights are valuable contents for music services. Most methods focused on low-level signal features. We propose a method for extracting highlights using high-level features from convolutional recurrent attention networks (CRAN). CRAN utilizes convolution and recurrent layers for sequential learning with an attention mechanism. The attention allows CRAN to capture significant snippets for distinguishing between genres, thus being used as a high-level feature. CRAN was evaluated on over 32,000 popular tracks in Korea for two months. Experimental results show our method outperforms three…
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)（洛桑联邦理工学院）
Recent trends of incorporating attention mechanisms in vision have led researchers to reconsider the supremacy of convolutional layers as a primary building block. Beyond helping CNNs to handle long-range dependencies, Ramachandran et al. (2019) showed that attention can completely replace convolution and achieve state-of-the-art performance on vision tasks. This raises the question: do learned attention layers operate similarly to convolutional layers? This work provides evidence that attention layers can perform convolution and, indeed, they often learn to do so in practice. Specifically, we…
Silesian University of Technology（西里西亚工业大学）；KP Labs（KP实验室）
This paper introduces new attention-based convolutional neural networks for selecting bands from hyperspectral images. The proposed approach re-uses convolutional activations at different depths, identifying the most informative regions of the spectrum with the help of gating mechanisms. Our attention techniques are modular and easy to implement, and they can be seamlessly trained end-to-end using gradient descent. Our rigorous experiments showed that deep models equipped with the attention mechanism deliver high-quality classification, and repeatedly identify significant bands in the training…
Most of the existing isolated sound event datasets comprise a small number of sound event classes, usually 10 to 15, restricted to a small domain, such as domestic and urban sound events. In this work, we introduce GISE-51, a dataset spanning 51 isolated sound events belonging to a broad domain of event types. We also release GISE-51-Mixtures, a dataset of 5-second soundscapes with hard-labelled event boundaries synthesized from GISE-51 isolated sound events. We conduct baseline sound event recognition (SER) experiments on the GISE-51-Mixtures dataset, benchmarking prominent convolutional neur…
This paper presents the sound event localization and detection (SELD) task setup for the DCASE 2019 challenge. The goal of the SELD task is to detect the temporal activities of a known set of sound event classes, and further localize them in space when active. As part of the challenge, a synthesized dataset with each sound event associated with a spatial coordinate represented using azimuth and elevation angles is provided. These sound events are spatialized using real-life impulse responses collected at multiple spatial coordinates in five different rooms with varying dimensions and material …
Nanjing University of Science and Technology（南京理工大学）
Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have shown the powerful ability in text structure representation and effectively facilitate the task of text classification. However, challenges still exist in adapting GCN on learning discriminative features from texts due to the main issue of graph variants incurred by the textual complexity and diversity. In this paper, we propose a dual-attention GCN to model the structural information of various texts as well as tackle the graph-invariant problem through embedding two types of attention mechanisms, i.e. the connection-attention and hop-attention, into t…
Improving Deep Learning-based Respiratory Sound Analysis with Frequency Selection and Attention Mechanism
TICLab, International University of Rabat（国际拉巴特大学TIC实验室）；College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University（摩洛哥穆莱·伊斯梅尔polytechnic大学计算机学院）；Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds（利兹大学工程学院）
Soochow University（苏州大学）；University of North Carolina at Greensboro（北卡罗来纳大学格林斯伯勒分校）；The Hong Kong Polytechnic University（香港理工大学）
Traffic forecasting is one of the most fundamental problems in transportation science and artificial intelligence. The key challenge is to effectively model complex spatial-temporal dependencies and correlations in modern traffic data. Existing methods, however, cannot accurately model both long-term and short-term temporal correlations simultaneously, limiting their expressive power on complex spatial-temporal patterns. In this paper, we propose a novel spatial-temporal neural network framework: Attention-based Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Recurrent Network (ASTGCRN), which consists o…
University of Bucharest（布加勒斯特大学）；“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy（“卡罗尔·达维拉”医药大学）；Colţea Hospital（科尔察医院）；University Politehnica of Bucharest（布加勒斯特理工大学）；MBZ University of Artificial Intelligence（穆罕默德·本·扎耶德人工智能大学）；Linköping University（林雪平大学）
Super-resolving medical images can help physicians in providing more accurate diagnostics. In many situations, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques capture several scans (modes) during a single investigation, which can jointly be used (in a multimodal fashion) to further boost the quality of super-resolution results. To this end, we propose a novel multimodal multi-head convolutional attention module to super-resolve CT and MRI scans. Our attention module uses the convolution operation to perform joint spatial-channel attention on multiple concatenated input …
University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学）；Peking University（北京大学）
Attention mechanisms in neural networks have proved useful for problems in which the input and output do not have fixed dimension. Often there exist features that are locally translation invariant and would be valuable for directing the model's attention, but previous attentional architectures are not constructed to learn such features specifically. We introduce an attentional neural network that employs convolution on the input tokens to detect local time-invariant and long-range topical attention features in a context-dependent way. We apply this architecture to the problem of extreme summar…
Sound event detection systems typically consist of two stages: extracting hand-crafted features from the raw audio waveform, and learning a mapping between these features and the target sound events using a classifier. Recently, the focus of sound event detection research has been mostly shifted to the latter stage using standard features such as mel spectrogram as the input for classifiers such as deep neural networks. In this work, we utilize end-to-end approach and propose to combine these two stages in a single deep neural network classifier. The feature extraction over the raw waveform is…
Robert Bosch GmbH（罗伯特·博世有限公司）；University of Stuttgart（斯图加特大学）
The understanding of the surrounding environment plays a critical role in autonomous robotic systems, such as self-driving cars. Extensive research has been carried out concerning visual perception. Yet, to obtain a more complete perception of the environment, autonomous systems of the future should also take acoustic information into account. Recent sound event localization and detection (SELD) frameworks utilize convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNNs). However, considering the recurrent nature of CRNNs, it becomes challenging to implement them efficiently on embedded hardware. Not on…
Learning from data in the quaternion domain enables us to exploit internal dependencies of 4D signals and treating them as a single entity. One of the models that perfectly suits with quaternion-valued data processing is represented by 3D acoustic signals in their spherical harmonics decomposition. In this paper, we address the problem of localizing and detecting sound events in the spatial sound field by using quaternion-valued data processing. In particular, we consider the spherical harmonic components of the signals captured by a first-order ambisonic microphone and process them by using a…
Tampere University of Technology（坦佩雷理工大学）；Aalto University（阿尔托大学）
In this paper, we propose a stacked convolutional and recurrent neural network (CRNN) with a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) in the first layer for the multichannel sound event detection (SED) task. The 3D CNN enables the network to simultaneously learn the inter- and intra-channel features from the input multichannel audio. In order to evaluate the proposed method, multichannel audio datasets with different number of overlapping sound sources are synthesized. Each of this dataset has a four-channel first-order Ambisonic, binaural, and single-channel versions, on which the performance of…
Many state-of-the-art systems for audio tagging and sound event detection employ convolutional recurrent neural architectures. Typically, they are trained in a mean teacher setting to deal with the heterogeneous annotation of the available data. In this work, we present a thorough analysis of how changing the temporal resolution of these convolutional recurrent neural networks - which can be done by simply adapting their pooling operations - impacts their performance. By using a variety of evaluation metrics, we investigate the effects of adapting this design parameter under several sound reco…
Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science（上海先进通信与数据科学研究院）；Shanghai University（上海大学）
Environmental Sound Classification (ESC) is an important and challenging problem, and feature representation is a critical and even decisive factor in ESC. Feature representation ability directly affects the accuracy of sound classification. Therefore, the ESC performance is heavily dependent on the effectiveness of representative features extracted from the environmental sounds. In this paper, we propose a subspectrogram segmentation based ESC classification framework. In addition, we adopt the proposed Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) and score level fusion to jointly improve th…
Tampere University of Technology（坦佩雷理工大学）；Aalto University（阿尔托大学）
This paper proposes a deep neural network for estimating the directions of arrival (DOA) of multiple sound sources. The proposed stacked convolutional and recurrent neural network (DOAnet) generates a spatial pseudo-spectrum (SPS) along with the DOA estimates in both azimuth and elevation. We avoid any explicit feature extraction step by using the magnitudes and phases of the spectrograms of all the channels as input to the network. The proposed DOAnet is evaluated by estimating the DOAs of multiple concurrently present sources in anechoic, matched and unmatched reverberant conditions. The res…
Stanford University School of Medicine（斯坦福大学医学院）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）
Heart diseases constitute a global health burden, and the problem is exacerbated by the error-prone nature of listening to and interpreting heart sounds. This motivates the development of automated classification to screen for abnormal heart sounds. Existing machine learning-based systems achieve accurate classification of heart sound recordings but rely on expert features that have not been thoroughly evaluated on noisy recordings. Here we propose a segmental convolutional neural network architecture that achieves automatic feature learning from noisy heart sound recordings. Our experiments s…
Sound events often occur in unstructured environments where they exhibit wide variations in their frequency content and temporal structure. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are able to extract higher level features that are invariant to local spectral and temporal variations. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are powerful in learning the longer term temporal context in the audio signals. CNNs and RNNs as classifiers have recently shown improved performances over established methods in various sound recognition tasks. We combine these two approaches in a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network…
Monash University（莫纳什大学）；The University of Sydney（悉尼大学）；Westmead Hospital（韦斯特米德医院）
Abdominal auscultation is a convenient, safe and inexpensive method to assess bowel conditions, which is essential in neonatal care. It helps early detection of neonatal bowel dysfunctions and allows timely intervention. This paper presents a neonatal bowel sound detection method to assist the auscultation. Specifically, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed to classify peristalsis and non-peristalsis sounds. The classification is then optimized using a Laplace Hidden Semi-Markov Model (HSMM). The proposed method is validated on abdominal sounds from 49 newborn infants admitted to o…
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia（马来西亚工艺大学）；King Abdullah University of Science and Technology（阿卜杜拉国王科技大学）
This paper proposes a framework based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automatic heart sound classification using short-segments of individual heart beats. We design a 1D-CNN that directly learns features from raw heart-sound signals, and a 2D-CNN that takes inputs of two- dimensional time-frequency feature maps based on Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC). We further develop a time-frequency CNN ensemble (TF-ECNN) combining the 1D-CNN and 2D-CNN based on score-level fusion of the class probabilities. On the large PhysioNet CinC challenge 2016 database, the proposed CNN …
In this paper, we propose a framework for environmental sound classification in a low-data context (less than 100 labeled examples per class). We show that using pre-trained image classification models along with the usage of data augmentation techniques results in higher performance over alternative approaches. We applied this system to the task of Urban Sound Tagging, part of the DCASE 2019. The objective was to label different sources of noise from raw audio data. A modified form of MobileNetV2, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model was trained to classify both coarse and fine tags joi…
This paper investigates the joint localization, detection, and tracking of sound events using a convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN). We use a CRNN previously proposed for the localization and detection of stationary sources, and show that the recurrent layers enable the spatial tracking of moving sources when trained with dynamic scenes. The tracking performance of the CRNN is compared with a stand-alone tracking method that combines a multi-source (DOA) estimator and a particle filter. Their respective performance is evaluated in various acoustic conditions such as anechoic and reve…
The issue in respiratory sound classification has attained good attention from the clinical scientists and medical researcher's group in the last year to diagnosing COVID-19 disease. To date, various models of Artificial Intelligence (AI) entered into the real-world to detect the COVID-19 disease from human-generated sounds such as voice/speech, cough, and breath. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model is implemented for solving a lot of real-world problems on machines based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). In this context, one dimension (1D) CNN is suggested and implemented to diagnose …
Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University（上海大学上海先进通信与数据科学研究院）
Environmental sound classification (ESC) is an important and challenging problem. In contrast to speech, sound events have noise-like nature and may be produced by a wide variety of sources. In this paper, we propose to use a novel deep convolutional neural network for ESC tasks. Our network architecture uses stacked convolutional and pooling layers to extract high-level feature representations from spectrogram-like features. Furthermore, we apply mixup to ESC tasks and explore its impacts on classification performance and feature distribution. Experiments were conducted on UrbanSound8K, ESC-5…
École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec（魁北克大学高等技术学院）
In this paper, we present an end-to-end approach for environmental sound classification based on a 1D Convolution Neural Network (CNN) that learns a representation directly from the audio signal. Several convolutional layers are used to capture the signal's fine time structure and learn diverse filters that are relevant to the classification task. The proposed approach can deal with audio signals of any length as it splits the signal into overlapped frames using a sliding window. Different architectures considering several input sizes are evaluated, including the initialization of the first co…
In this study, we introduce a convolutional time-frequency-channel "Squeeze and Excitation" (tfc-SE) module to explicitly model inter-dependencies between the time-frequency domain and multiple channels. The tfc-SE module consists of two parts: tf-SE block and c-SE block which are designed to provide attention on time-frequency and channel domain, respectively, for adaptively recalibrating the input feature map. The proposed tfc-SE module, together with a popular Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) model, are evaluated on a multi-channel sound event detection task with overlapping au…
The following article introduces a new parametric synthesis algorithm for sound textures inspired by existing methods used for visual textures. Using a 2D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a sound signal is modified until the temporal cross-correlations of the feature maps of its log-spectrogram resemble those of a target texture. We show that the resulting synthesized sound signal is both different from the original and of high quality, while being able to reproduce singular events appearing in the original. This process is performed in the time domain, discarding the harmful phase recovery…
Recent studies have put into question the commonly assumed shift invariance property of convolutional networks, showing that small shifts in the input can affect the output predictions substantially. In this paper, we analyze the benefits of addressing lack of shift invariance in CNN-based sound event classification. Specifically, we evaluate two pooling methods to improve shift invariance in CNNs, based on low-pass filtering and adaptive sampling of incoming feature maps. These methods are implemented via small architectural modifications inserted into the pooling layers of CNNs. We evaluate …
This paper proposes to use low-level spatial features extracted from multichannel audio for sound event detection. We extend the convolutional recurrent neural network to handle more than one type of these multichannel features by learning from each of them separately in the initial stages. We show that instead of concatenating the features of each channel into a single feature vector the network learns sound events in multichannel audio better when they are presented as separate layers of a volume. Using the proposed spatial features over monaural features on the same network gives an absolut…
Spatial sound field interpolation relies on suitable models to both conform to available measurements and predict the sound field in the domain of interest. A suitable model can be difficult to determine when the spatial domain of interest is large compared to the wavelength or when spherical and planar wavefronts are present or the sound field is complex, as in the near-field. To span such complex sound fields, the global reconstruction task can be partitioned into local subdomain problems. Previous studies have shown that partitioning approaches rely on sufficient measurements within each do…
National University of Defense Technology（国防科技大学）；Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications（北京邮电大学）
Motivated by the fact that characteristics of different sound classes are highly diverse in different temporal scales and hierarchical levels, a novel deep convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is proposed for the environmental sound classification task. This network architecture takes raw waveforms as input, and a set of separated parallel CNNs are utilized with different convolutional filter sizes and strides, in order to learn feature representations with multi-temporal resolutions. On the other hand, the proposed architecture also aggregates hierarchical features from multi-level…
In this paper, we present a new single sound source DOA estimation and tracking system based on the well-known SRP-PHAT algorithm and a three-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network. It uses SRP-PHAT power maps as input features of a fully convolutional causal architecture that uses 3D convolutional layers to accurately perform the tracking of a sound source even in highly reverberant scenarios where most of the state of the art techniques fail. Unlike previous methods, since we do not use bidirectional recurrent layers and all our convolutional layers are causal in the time dimension, our sy…
Deep learning has dramatically improved the performance of sounds recognition. However, learning acoustic models directly from the raw waveform is still challenging. Current waveform-based models generally use time-domain convolutional layers to extract features. The features extracted by single size filters are insufficient for building discriminative representation of audios. In this paper, we propose multi-scale convolution operation, which can get better audio representation by improving the frequency resolution and learning filters cross all frequency area. For leveraging the waveform-bas…
A sound field estimation method based on a physics-informed convolutional neural network (PICNN) using spline interpolation is proposed. Most of the sound field estimation methods are based on wavefunction expansion, making the estimated function satisfy the Helmholtz equation. However, these methods rely only on physical properties; thus, they suffer from a significant deterioration of accuracy when the number of measurements is small. Recent learning-based methods based on neural networks have advantages in estimating from sparse measurements when training data are available. However, since …
In this paper we present our system for the detection and classification of acoustic scenes and events (DCASE) 2020 Challenge Task 4: Sound event detection and separation in domestic environments. We introduce two new models: the forward-backward convolutional recurrent neural network (FBCRNN) and the tag-conditioned convolutional neural network (CNN). The FBCRNN employs two recurrent neural network (RNN) classifiers sharing the same CNN for preprocessing. With one RNN processing a recording in forward direction and the other in backward direction, the two networks are trained to jointly predi…
Australian Centre for Field Robotics（澳大利亚野外机器人中心）；Computing and Audio Research Laboratory（计算与音频研究实验室）；The University of Sydney（悉尼大学）
The propagation of sound in a shallow water environment is characterized by boundary reflections from the sea surface and sea floor. These reflections result in multiple (indirect) sound propagation paths, which can degrade the performance of passive sound source localization methods. This paper proposes the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the localization of sources of broadband acoustic radiated noise (such as motor vessels) in shallow water multipath environments. It is shown that CNNs operating on cepstrogram and generalized cross-correlogram inputs are able to more reliabl…
Newcastle University（纽卡斯尔大学）；Visenti Pte Ltd (A Brand of Xylem)（维森蒂私人有限公司（赛莱默旗下品牌））
The main scientific question of this year DCASE challenge, Task 4 - Sound Event Detection in Domestic Environments, is to investigate the types of data (strongly labeled synthetic data, weakly labeled data, unlabeled in domain data) required to achieve the best performing system. In this paper, we proposed a deep learning model that integrates Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The key idea of such integration is to use NMF to provide an approximate strong label to the weakly labeled data. Such integration was able to achieve a higher event-based F…
Tampere University of Technology（坦佩雷理工大学）；Aalto University（阿尔托大学）
In this paper, we propose a convolutional recurrent neural network for joint sound event localization and detection (SELD) of multiple overlapping sound events in three-dimensional (3D) space. The proposed network takes a sequence of consecutive spectrogram time-frames as input and maps it to two outputs in parallel. As the first output, the sound event detection (SED) is performed as a multi-label classification task on each time-frame producing temporal activity for all the sound event classes. As the second output, localization is performed by estimating the 3D Cartesian coordinates of the …
