一种平衡瞬态响应和小信号响应的通用PSS结构
A Generalized PSS Architecture for Balancing Transient and Small-Signal Response
摘要：
几十年来，电力系统稳定器与高初始响应自动电压调节器配对，作为满足有时相互冲突的系统稳定性要求的有效手段。主要由电力电子耦合发电和负荷的增加驱动，大规模电力系统的动态正在迅速变化。电网正在失去惯性和传统的电压支持和振荡阻尼来源。相对于电压的变化，系统负载变得更硬。与此同时，广域测量技术的进步使人们有可能实施控制策略，对长距离传输的信息几乎实时地采取行动。在本文中，我们提出了一个电力系统稳定器的架构，可以被看作是一个标准的$Δω$型稳定器的推广。该控制策略利用来自广域测量的惯性中心速度的实时估计。这种方法在瞬态和小信号响应之间建立了一套灵活的权衡，使同步发电机能够更好地适应系统动态变化。感兴趣的现象进行检查使用两个区域的测试案例和北美西部互联的降阶模型。为了在现实条件下验证关键发现，我们采用了一个国家的最先进的协同仿真平台，称为HELICS结合高保真电力系统和通信网络模型。即使在通信网络性能的悲观假设下，所提出的控制策略的好处被保留。
英文摘要：
For decades, power system stabilizers paired with high initial response automatic voltage regulators have served as an effective means of meeting sometimes conflicting system stability requirements. Driven primarily by increases in power electronically-coupled generation and load, the dynamics of large-scale power systems are rapidly changing. Electric grids are losing inertia and traditional sources of voltage support and oscillation damping. The system load is becoming stiffer with respect to changes in voltage. In parallel, advancements in wide-area measurement technology have made it possible to implement control strategies that act on information transmitted over long distances in nearly real time. In this paper, we present a power system stabilizer architecture that can be viewed as a generalization of the standard $Δω$-type stabilizer. The control strategy utilizes a real-time estimate of the center-of-inertia speed derived from wide-area measurements. This approach creates a flexible set of trade-offs between transient and small-signal response, making synchronous generators better able to adapt to changes in system dynamics. The phenomena of interest are examined using a two-area test case and a reduced-order model of the North American Western Interconnection. To validate the key findings under realistic conditions, we employ a state-of-the-art co-simulation platform called HELICS to combine high-fidelity power system and communication network models. The benefits of the proposed control strategy are retained even under pessimistic assumptions of communication network performance.
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