松散玻璃微珠堆中的慢动态非线性
Slow dynamic nonlinearity in unconsolidated glass bead packs
摘要：
慢动态非线性描述了一种在脆性复合材料（如岩石和水泥）中发生的人们知之甚少的蠕变现象。其特征在于由机械调节引起的刚度下降，随后是对数（时间）恢复。对这一行为的理论认识尚未形成共识。在这里，我们介绍一个替代的实验场所，以告知理论。研究未固结的玻璃珠包，而不是岩石或水泥，因为珠包的结构和内部接触不那么复杂，更容易理解。以前在这样的系统中已经观察到缓慢的动力学。然而，迄今为止的测量往往是不规则的。在实验设计中特别小心，以克服微珠包研究中固有的困难。这包括珠包支持的设计、低频调节的使用以及使用超声波作为探针和尾波干涉测量法来评估变化。在我们的系统中观察到三种不同的方法进行低频条件反射，其中之一还没有在以前的文献中报道。
英文摘要：
Slow dynamic nonlinearity describes a poorly understood, creep-like phenomena that occurs in brittle composite materials such as rocks and cement. It is characterized by a drop in stiffness induced by a mechanical conditioning, followed by a log(time) recovery. A consensus theoretical understanding of the behavior has not been developed. Here we introduce an alternative experimental venue with which to inform theory. Unconsolidated glass bead packs are studied rather than rocks or cement because the structure and internal contacts of bead packs are less complex and better understood. Slow dynamics has been observed in such systems previously. However, the measurements to date tend to be irregular. Particular care is used here in the experimental design to overcome the difficulties inherent in bead pack studies. This includes the design of the bead pack support, the use of low frequency conditioning, and the use of ultrasonic waves as a probe with coda wave interferometry to assess changes. Slow dynamics is observed in our system after three different methods for low-frequency conditioning, one of which has not been reported in the literature previously.
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