arXiv 1907.076822019-07-17hep-phastro-ph.COhep-ex

利用分子激发直接探测Sub-GeV暗物质的自旋（In）相关核散射

Direct Detection of Spin-(In)dependent Nuclear Scattering of Sub-GeV Dark Matter Using Molecular Excitations

Rouven Essig, Jesús Pérez-Ríos, Harikrishnan Ramani, Oren Slone

发表信息：: Phys. Rev. Research 1, 033105 (2019)
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.1.033105

摘要：

我们提出了一种新的直接探测的概念，以寻找暗物质与100~keV到100~MeV的质量。这种暗物质可以散射气体中的分子，并转移其动能的$\mathcal{O}(1)$部分，以激发振动和旋转状态。激发的振转模式迅速弛豫，并产生壮观的多红外光子信号，这可以用超灵敏的光电探测器观察到。我们详细讨论了由一氧化碳分子组成的气体靶，即使在相对较低的温度和高蒸气压下也能有效地发射光子。发射的光子具有在180-meV至265-meV范围内的能量。通过将不同同位素的一氧化碳分子混合在一起，包括那些具有奇数中子的一氧化碳分子，我们获得了对与中子的自旋无关相互作用和自旋相关相互作用的灵敏度。我们还考虑氟化氢，溴化氢，氢化钪分子，其中每个提供与质子的自旋相关的相互作用的敏感性。所提出的探测概念可以用近期的技术实现，并允许探索新的暗物质参数空间的数量级。

英文摘要：

We propose a novel direct detection concept to search for dark matter with 100~keV to 100~MeV masses. Such dark matter can scatter off molecules in a gas and transfer an $\mathcal{O}(1)$ fraction of its kinetic energy to excite a vibrational and rotational state. The excited ro-vibrational mode relaxes rapidly and produces a spectacular multi-infrared-photon signal, which can be observed with ultrasensitive photodetectors. We discuss in detail a gas target consisting of carbon monoxide molecules, which enable efficient photon emission even at a relatively low temperature and high vapor pressure. The emitted photons have an energy in the range 180~meV to 265~meV. By mixing together carbon monoxide molecules of different isotopes, including those with an odd number of neutrons, we obtain sensitivity to both spin-independent interactions and spin-dependent interactions with the neutron. We also consider hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen bromide, and scandium hydride molecules, which each provide sensitivity to spin-dependent interactions with the proton. The proposed detection concept can be realized with near-term technology and allows for the exploration of orders of magnitude of new dark matter parameter space.

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