We study the evolution of correlation functions of local fields in a two-dimensional quantum field theory under the $λT\bar T$ deformation, suitably regularized. We show that this may be viewed in terms of the evolution of each field, with a Dirac-like string being attached at each infinitesimal step. The deformation then acts as a derivation on the whole operator algebra, satisfying the Leibniz rule. We derive an explicit equation which allows for the analysis of UV divergences, which may be absorbed into a non-local field renormalization to give correlation functions which are UV finite to all orders, satisfying a (deformed) operator product expansion and a Callan-Symanzik equation. We solve this in the case of a deformed CFT, showing that the Fourier-transformed renormalized two-point functions behave as $k^{2Δ+2λk^2}$, where $Δ$ is their IR conformal dimension. We discuss in detail deformed Noether currents, including the energy-momentum tensor, and show that, although they also become non-local, when suitably improved they remain finite, conserved and satisfy the expected Ward identities. Finally, we discuss how the equivalence of the $T\bar T$ deformation to a state-dependent coordinate transformation emerges in this picture.
Supersymmetric $J\bar{T}$ and $T\bar{J}$ deformations
本文研究了具有$\mathcal N=(0,1),(1,1)$和$(0,2)$超对称性的二维场论的$J\bar{T}$和$T\bar{J}$形变。基于应力张量和味流多重态，我们构造了各种双线性超对称主算子，它们以明显的超对称方式诱导$J\bar{T}/T\bar{J}$形变。此外，它们的超对称后代被证明是同意与传统的$J\bar T /T\bar J$运营商上壳。我们还提出了一些例子的$J\bar T /T\bar J$流动所产生的超对称变形的自由理论。最后，我们观察到，所有的变形算子适合一个一般的模式，推广了Smirnov-Zamolodchikov型复合算子。
In this paper, we shed new light onto $T\bar{T}$-deformations by engineering them on 2D surface defects, supporting chiral and antichiral CFT's, in a 4D Chern-Simons bulk. This approach is motivated by various connections between $T\bar{T}$-deformations, gravity and Chern-Simons theory and suggests that the formalism developed in this paper and the gravity picture of $T\bar{T}$-deformations should be closely related.
In this paper, we continue the study of $T\bar{T}$ deformation in $d=1$ quantum mechanical systems and propose possible analogues of $J\bar{T}$ deformation and deformation by a general linear combination of $T\bar{T}$ and $J\bar{T}$ in quantum mechanics. We construct flow equations for the partition functions of the deformed theory, the solutions to which yields the deformed partition functions as integral of the undeformed partition function weighted by some kernels. The kernel formula turns out to be very useful in studying the deformed two-point functions and analyzing the thermodynamics of…
We study the holographic entanglement entropy of an interval in a quantum field theory obtained by deforming a holographic two-dimensional conformal field theory via a general linear combination of irrelevant operators that are closely related to, but nonetheless distinct from, $T{\bar T}, \ J{\bar T}$ and $T{\bar J}$, and compute the Casin-Huerta entropic $c$-function. We find that the entropic $c$-function is ultraviolet regulator independent, and along the renormalization group upflow towards the ultraviolet, it is non-decreasing. We show that the entropic $c$-function exhibits a power law …
We point out that negative specific heat at high energies is a characteristic feature of many TT-bar deformations, both in the original d = 2 case and in d = 1 quantum mechanical cousins. This note is a contribution to the memorial volume in honor of P. G. O. Freund.
We consider the irrelevant flow of classical Liouville field theory driven by the $T\bar T$ operator. After discussing properties of its exact action and equation of motion we construct an infinite set of conserved currents. We also find its vacuum solutions.
In this paper, we present our study on the $T\bar{T}$-deformation of non-relativistic complex scalar field theory. We find the closed form of the deformed Lagrangian by using the perturbation and the method of characteristics. Furthermore we compute the exact energy spectrum of the deformed free theory by using the Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory in an appropriate regularization scheme.
We analyse the $T\bar{T}$ deformation of 2d CFTs in a special double-scaling limit, of large central charge and small deformation parameter. In particular, we derive closed formulae for the deformation of the product of left and right moving CFT characters on the torus. It is shown that the $1/c$ contribution takes the same form as that of a CFT, but with rescalings of the modular parameter reflecting a state-dependent change of coordinates. We also extend the analysis for more general deformations that involve $T\bar{T}$, $J\bar{T}$ and $T\bar{J}$ simultaneously. We comment on the implication…
We investigate generic n-point correlation functions of conformal field theories (CFTs), with $T\bar{T}$ and $J\bar{T}$ deformations, in terms of the perturbative CFT approach. We systematically obtain the first order correction to the generic correlation functions of CFTs with $T\bar{T}$ or $J\bar{T}$ deformation. We compute the out-of-time ordered correlation function (OTOC) in the Ising model with $T\bar{T}$ or $J\bar{T}$ deformation, which confirms that these deformations do not change the integrable property up to the first order level.
In this paper, we investigate the correlation functions of the conformal field theory (CFT) with the $T\bar{T}$ deformation on torus in terms of perturbative CFT approach, which is the extension of the previous investigations on correlation functions defined on a plane. We systematically obtain the first order correction to the correlation functions of the CFTs with $T\bar{T}$ deformation in both operator formalism and path integral language. As a consistency check, we compute the deformed partition function, namely the zero-point correlation function, up to the first order, which is consisten…
In this note we study soliton, breather and shockwave solutions in certain two dimensional field theories. These include: (i) Heisenberg's model suggested originally to describe the scattering of high energy nucleons (ii) $T\bar T$ deformations of certain canonical scalar field theories with a potential. We find explicit soliton solutions of these models with sine-Gordon and Higgs-type potentials. We prove that the $T\bar T$ deformation of a theory of a given potential does not correct the mass of the soliton of the undeformed one. We further conjecture the form of breather solutions of these …
In recent years, there have been two independent but related developments in the study of irrelevant deformations in two dimensional quantum field theories (QFTs). The first development is the deformation of a two dimensional QFT by the determinant of the energy momentum stress tensor, commonly referred to as $T{\bar T}$ deformation. The second development is in two dimensional holographic field theories which are dual to string theory in asymptotically Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetimes. In this latter development, the deformation is commonly referred to as single-trace $T{\bar T}$ deformation. …
In this letter, we investigate the deformation of the ModMax theory, as a unique Lagrangian of non-linear electrodynamics preserving both conformal and electromagnetic-duality invariance, under $T\bar{T}$-like flows. We will show that the deformed theory is the generalized non-linear Born-Infeld electrodynamics. Being inspired by the invariance under the flow equation for Born-Infeld theories, we propose another $T\bar{T}$-like operator generating the ModMax and generalized Born-Infeld non-linear electrodynamic theories from the usual Maxwell and Born-Infeld theories, respectively.
We study the $T\bar{T}$ deformation of the chiral bosons and show the equivalence between the chiral bosons of opposite chiralities and the scalar fields at the Hamiltonian level under the deformation. We also derive the deformed Lagrangian of more generic theories which contain an arbitrary number of chiral bosons to all orders. By using these results, we derive the $T\bar{T}$ deformed boundary action of the AdS$_3$ gravity theory in the Chern-Simons formulation. We compute the deformed one-loop torus partition function, which satisfies the $T\bar{T}$ flow equation up to the one-loop order. F…
We find the most general solution to Chern-Simons AdS$_3$ gravity in Fefferman-Graham gauge. The connections are equivalent to geometries that have a non-trivial curved boundary, characterized by a 2-dimensional vielbein and a spin connection. We define a variational principle for Dirichlet boundary conditions and find the boundary stress tensor in the Chern-Simons formalism. Using this variational principle as the departure point, we show how to treat other choices of boundary conditions in this formalism, such as, including the mixed boundary conditions corresponding to a $T \bar T$-deformat…
Super $T\bar{T}$ deformation and the RNS non-critical superstring
ICTP-SAIFR（国际理论物理中心-巴西基础与应用物理研究所）；Instituto de Física Teórica, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista（圣保罗州立大学理论物理研究所）；C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics, S.U.N.Y. Stony Brook University（纽约州立大学石溪分校陈省身理论物理研究所）
We consider the weighted average of a two dimensional CFT, whose target space is $T^2$, over its Narain moduli space. We take as the weighing function the integral kernel which gives rise to $T \bar T$ deformation when applied to the world sheet moduli data of the partition function viewed as vacuum amplitude when the world sheet is a torus. We compute the smeared partition function where this kernel is applied to the target space moduli. Smearing the partition function over the parameter space of a field theory generally leads to the breakdown in the ability to write the partition function as…
The Skyrme model, though it admits correctly a wide range of static properties of the nucleon, does not seem to reproduce properly the scattering behavior of nucleons at high energies. In this paper we present a $T\bar T$-like deformation of it, inspired by a 1+1 dimensional model, in which boosted nucleons behave like shock waves. The scattering of the latter saturates the Froissart bound. We start by showing that 1+1 dimensional $T\bar T$ deformations of the free abelian pion action are in fact generalizations of the old Heisenberg model for nucleon-nucleon scattering, yielding the same satu…
We consider KdV currents in a quantum field theory obtained by deforming a two dimensional conformal field theory on a cylinder via the irrelevant operator $T{\bar T}$. In this paper we determine their one-point functions modular properties. We find that the one-point functions factorize into two components each with a definite modular weight. We also obtain a general differential equation that the generalized torus partition sum satisfies.
We define and study the $T\bar{T}$ deformation of a random matrix model, showing a consistent definition requires the inclusion of both the perturbative and non-perturbative solutions to the flow equation. The deformed model is well defined for arbitrary values of the coupling, exhibiting a phase transition for the critical value in which the spectrum complexifies. The transition is between a single and a double-cut phase, typically third order and in the same universality class as the Gross-Witten transition in lattice gauge theory. The $T\bar{T}$ deformation of a double scaled model is more …
In this paper we study a black hole phase transition in a generalized JT gravity noticed in arXiv:2006.03494. We investigate the effect of the phase transition on the Euclidean geodesic and holographic two-point function in models with dilaton potential which interpolates two ordinary JT gravities with different cosmological constants. It is noted that there exists a closed geodesic with a new scale at low temperature phase when the potential has a locally negative region. This scale causes several peaks in the two-point function. We also comment on the phase transition of charged black holes.…
Form Factors and Correlation Functions of the Stress--Energy Tensor in Massive Deformation of the Minimal Models $\left( E_n \right)_1 \otimes\left( E_n \right)_1/\left( E_n \right)_2$
We study the $T\bar{T}$ deformation of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory at genus zero by carrying out the analysis at the level of its instanton representation. We first focus on the perturbative sector by considering its power expansion in the deformation parameter $μ$. By studying the resulting asymptotic series through resurgence theory, we determine the nonperturbative contributions that enter the result for $μ<0$. We then extend this analysis to any flux sector by solving the relevant flow equation. Specifically, we impose boundary conditions corresponding to two distinct regimes: the qu…
Recently, the ModMax theory has been proposed as a unique conformal nonlinear extension of electrodynamics. We have shown in [1] that this modification can be reproduced a marginal $T\bar{T}$-like deformation from pure Maxwell theory. Further, this deformation is solved by using a perturbative approach. In this letter, we will investigate another ModMax-like deformation for a two-dimensional (2D) scalar field theory. In this regard, we first find a marginal $T\bar{T}$-like deformation in two dimensions and then reproduce the MM-like Lagrangian from a multiple 2D scalar field theory.
