arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1906.04588cs.DL
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Citation Counts是什么?2006 - 2018年科技文献引文研究进展

What Do Citation Counts Measure? An Updated Review of Studies on Citations in Scientific Documents Published between 2006 and 2018

Iman Tahamtan, Lutz Bornmann

摘要:

本文的目的是更新Bornmann和Daniel(2008)对科学文献中引文研究的叙述性综述。目前的综述涵盖了2006年至2018年期间发表的41项研究。Bornmann和Daniel(2008)关注的是早些年。本文介绍了引文内容和语境分析的最新研究,以及通过问卷调查和访谈的方式探讨学者引文动机的研究。本文的一个重点是在过去十年中的技术发展,如更丰富的元数据和机器可读格式的科学论文。这些发展导致了综合研究中大型数据集的引用上下文分析(这在以前是不可能的)。近年来,许多研究使用计算和机器学习技术来确定引文功能和极性,其中一些研究试图克服以往研究的方法论缺陷。引文功能的自动识别似乎具有极大地增强引文索引和信息检索能力的潜力。我们对实证研究的回顾表明,一篇论文可能会因为非常不同的科学和非科学原因而被引用。这一结果与Bornmann和Daniel(2008)的发现一致。为了更好地理解引文和被引文献之间的关系,需要分析引文的各种特征,主要是引文语境、引文的语义和语言模式、引文在被引文献中的位置以及引文极性(负、中性、正)。

英文摘要:

The purpose of this paper is to update the review of Bornmann and Daniel (2008) presenting a narrative review of studies on citations in scientific documents. The current review covers 41 studies published between 2006 and 2018. Bornmann and Daniel (2008) focused on earlier years. The current review describes the (new) studies on citation content and context analyses as well as the studies that explore the citation motivation of scholars through surveys or interviews. One focus in this paper is on the technical developments in the last decade, such as the richer meta-data available and machine-readable formats of scientific papers. These developments have resulted in citation context analyses of large datasets in comprehensive studies (which was not possible previously). Many studies in recent years have used computational and machine learning techniques to determine citation functions and polarities, some of which have attempted to overcome the methodological weaknesses of previous studies. The automated recognition of citation functions seems to have the potential to greatly enhance citation indices and information retrieval capabilities. Our review of the empirical studies demonstrates that a paper may be cited for very different scientific and non-scientific reasons. This result accords with the finding by Bornmann and Daniel (2008). The current review also shows that to better understand the relationship between citing and cited documents, a variety of features should be analyzed, primarily the citation context, the semantics and linguistic patterns in citations, citation locations within the citing document, and citation polarity (negative, neutral, positive).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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