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arXiv 1906.03084astro-ph.GA
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复杂有机分子的非热脱附

Non-thermal desorption of complex organic molecules

E. Dartois, M. Chabot, T. Id Barkach, H. Rothard, B. Augé, A. N. Agnihotri, A. Domaracka, P. Boduch

摘要:

复杂的有机分子(COM)在气相中在低温下的致密相的ISM表明,非热解吸机制在工作,因为否则,COM应该在短时间内冷凝到尘埃颗粒。真空紫外光解吸已被证明是复杂的有机分子,如甲醇,效率低得多,因为大多数光产物喷出。诱导的光解与光解吸大COM竞争,大大降低了效率解吸完整的分子。我们调查复杂的有机分子的溅射效率,观察到无论是在星际致密云的冰地幔直接通过红外光谱(CH 3OH),或在气相中观察到的毫米望远镜(CH 3COOCH 3),并可以从星际颗粒表面释放。我们辐照冰膜含有复杂的有机分子(甲醇和乙酸甲酯)和水与快速重离子在电子溅射制度。我们监测的红外光谱的膜,以及释放到气相中的物质与质谱仪。我们证明,当甲醇或乙酸甲酯嵌入在水冰地幔暴露于宇宙射线,很大一部分是溅射作为一个完整的分子,溅射产量接近的主要水冰矩阵。对于更易挥发的冰基质,如嵌入一氧化碳中的冰基质,情况更是如此。宇宙射线穿透到稠密的云层深处,提供了一种有效的机制来解吸复杂的有机分子。相比真空紫外光子诱导的相互作用的宇宙射线,很大一部分解吸为完整的分子与相应的比例随时间变化的大块组成的冰地幔,后者随着时间的变化作为一个函数的注量由于辐解的散装。

英文摘要:

The occurrence of complex organic molecules (COMs) in the gas phase at low temperature in the dense phases of the ISM suggests that a non-thermal desorption mechanism is at work because otherwise, COMs should condense within a short timescale onto dust grains. Vacuum ultraviolet photodesorption has been shown to be much less efficient for complex organic molecules, such as methanol, because mostly photoproducts are ejected. The induced photolysis competes with photodesorption for large COMs, considerably lowering the efficiency to desorb intact molecules. We investigate the sputtering efficiency of complex organic molecules that are observed either in the ice mantles of interstellar dense clouds directly by infrared spectroscopy (CH3OH), or that are observed in the gas phase by millimeter telescopes (CH3COOCH3) and that could be released from interstellar grain surfaces. We irradiated ice films containing complex organic molecules (methanol and methyl acetate) and water with swift heavy ions in the electronic sputtering regime. We monitored the infrared spectra of the film as well as the species released to the gas phase with a mass spectrometer. We demonstrate that when methanol or methyl acetate is embedded in a water-ice mantle exposed to cosmic rays, a large portion is sputtered as an intact molecule, with a sputtering yield close to that of the main water-ice matrix. This must be even more true for more volatile ice matrices, such as those that are embedded in carbon monoxide. Cosmic rays penetrating deep into dense clouds provide an efficient mechanism to desorb complex organic molecules. Compared to VUV photons induced by the interaction of cosmic rays, a large portion desorb as intact molecules with a proportion corresponding to the time-dependent bulk composition of the ice mantle, the latter evolving with time as a function of fluence due to the radiolysis of the bulk.

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